Radiation Protection Group, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
J Radiol Prot. 2022 Jan 18;42(1). doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac3bc4.
Handling of radioactive material by operators can lead to contamination at the surface of the skin in case of an accident. The quantification of the dose received by the skin due to a contamination scenario is performed by means of dedicated dose coefficients as it is the case for other radiation protection dose quantities described in the literature. However, most available coefficients do not match realistic scenarios according to state-of-the-art of science and technology. Therefore, this work deals with dedicated dose conversion factors for skin contamination. Since there is an increasing demand on dose coefficients in general, these specific coefficients can be used for various calculations in radiation protection. In this work a method to evaluate such coefficients for the skin contamination dose related to photons, electrons, positrons, alpha and neutron particles is proposed. The coefficients are generated using Monte-Carlo simulations with three well established calculation codes (FLUKA, MCNP, and GEANT4). The results of the various codes are compared against each other for benchmarking purposes. The new dose coefficients allow the computation of the skin received dose, in the case of skin contamination scenario of an individual, taking into account the decay radiation of the radionuclides of interest. To benchmark the quantity derived here, comparisons of radionuclide contamination doses to the skin using the VARSKIN code available in the literature are performed with the results of this work.
如果发生事故，操作人员处理放射性材料可能会导致皮肤表面受到污染。对于污染情况导致的皮肤所接受的剂量的量化是通过专用剂量系数来完成的，就像文献中描述的其他辐射防护剂量量一样。然而，根据科学技术的最新发展，大多数可用的系数与实际情况并不匹配。因此，这项工作涉及皮肤污染的专用剂量转换系数。由于对剂量系数的需求不断增加，这些特定的系数可用于辐射防护中的各种计算。在这项工作中，提出了一种用于评估与光子、电子、正电子、α 和中子粒子相关的皮肤污染剂量的专用系数的方法。这些系数是使用三种成熟的计算代码（FLUKA、MCNP 和 GEANT4）通过蒙特卡罗模拟生成的。为了进行基准测试，对各种代码的结果进行了相互比较。新的剂量系数允许在考虑感兴趣的放射性核素的衰变辐射的情况下，计算个体皮肤污染情况下的皮肤所接受的剂量。为了基准化这里得出的量，使用文献中可用的 VARSKIN 代码对皮肤放射性核素污染剂量进行了比较，与这项工作的结果进行了比较。
