Quadir Huma
Internal Medicine/Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2021 Oct 16;13(10):e18818. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18818. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Metformin is one of the most easily available medications for diabetes and has a relatively low cost. It is not only used in diabetes but is also effective in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and obesity. Although insulin is the first choice when it comes to treating pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), metformin has also been debated as a good choice after modification of diet. As metformin passes through the placenta, it is essential to know its consequence of leading to insulin resistance in the fetus as well as the impact on postnatal development. The use of metformin during GDM has raised many trials demonstrating that outcomes from the use of metformin are similar to those achieved with insulin. Follow-up studies were also conducted that assessed the impact on children exposed to metformin in utero. This review highlights the experimental evidence relating to the use of metformin during pregnancy for different conditions, and its impact on the growth and development of offspring.
二甲双胍是治疗糖尿病最容易获得且成本相对较低的药物之一。它不仅用于治疗糖尿病，对多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）和肥胖症也有疗效。虽然胰岛素是治疗妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇的首选药物，但在调整饮食后，二甲双胍也被认为是一个不错的选择。由于二甲双胍可穿过胎盘，了解其导致胎儿胰岛素抵抗的后果以及对产后发育的影响至关重要。妊娠期糖尿病期间使用二甲双胍引发了许多试验，结果表明使用二甲双胍的效果与使用胰岛素相似。还进行了随访研究，评估子宫内接触二甲双胍对儿童的影响。本综述重点介绍了妊娠期使用二甲双胍治疗不同病症的实验证据及其对后代生长发育的影响。
