核苷酸替换率在植物线粒体DNA、叶绿体DNA和核DNA之间差异极大。
Rates of nucleotide substitution vary greatly among plant mitochondrial, chloroplast, and nuclear DNAs.
作者信息
Wolfe K H, Li W H, Sharp P M
机构信息
Center for Demographic and Population Genetics, University of Texas, Houston 77225.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9054-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.9054.
Abstract
Comparison of plant mitochondrial (mt), chloroplast (cp) and nuclear (n) DNA sequences shows that the silent substitution rate in mtDNA is less than one-third that in cpDNA, which in turn evolves only half as fast as plant nDNA. The slower rate in mtDNA than in cpDNA is probably due to a lower mutation rate. Silent substitution rates in plant and mammalian mtDNAs differ by one or two orders of magnitude, whereas the rates in nDNAs may be similar. In cpDNA, the rate of substitution both at synonymous sites and in noncoding sequences in the inverted repeat is greatly reduced in comparison to single-copy sequences. The rate of cpDNA evolution appears to have slowed in some dicot lineages following the monocot/dicot split, and the slowdown is more conspicuous at nonsynonymous sites than at synonymous sites.
摘要
植物线粒体（mt）、叶绿体（cp）和核（n）DNA序列的比较表明，mtDNA中的沉默替代率不到cpDNA的三分之一，而cpDNA的进化速度仅为植物nDNA的一半。mtDNA的速率比cpDNA慢可能是由于较低的突变率。植物和哺乳动物mtDNA中的沉默替代率相差一到两个数量级，而nDNA中的速率可能相似。在cpDNA中，与单拷贝序列相比，反向重复序列中同义位点和非编码序列的替代率大大降低。在单子叶植物/双子叶植物分化之后，cpDNA的进化速率在一些双子叶植物谱系中似乎有所减缓，并且这种减缓在非同义位点比在同义位点更为明显。
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