Static full-Stokes Fourier transform imaging spectropolarimeter capturing spectral, polarization, and spatial characteristics.

A static full-Stokes Fourier transform imaging spectropolarimeter incorporating a liquid-crystal polarization modulator (LPM) and birefringent shearing interferometer (BSI) is reported. It can decode the polarization information at each wavelength along the spatial dimension of a two-dimensional data array. The LPM has a high-speed time-division architecture and employs two ferroelectric liquid crystals and two wave plates to produce four polarization states, providing full-Stokes polarimetric information with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The BSI comprises two birefringent crystal plates and generates an optical path difference with good linear distribution for broadband interference, allowing a fast and high-precision spectral recovery. The optimized design of LPM and BSI are introduced in detail. Subsequently, the signal reconstruction is verified through simulations and experiments. The proposed scheme is highly efficient, exhibits a higher spectral resolution, and constitutes a compact technical approach to realize high-dimensional optical measurement.