The Public Dental Health Service Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
BMC Oral Health. 2021 Nov 23;21(1):600. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01968-4.
The objectives of the study were to describe the prevalence of dental anxiety and the possible associations between dental anxiety and potentially traumatic events in an adult population.
The study is based on cross-sectional questionnaire data from the 7th wave of the Tromsø Study, a study of the adult general population in the municipality of Tromsø carried out in 2015-2016. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale was used to measure dental anxiety across potentially traumatic events, oral health, dental attendance (avoidance) and current mental health symptoms (Hopkins Symptom Checklist). Individuals with high and low dental anxiety scores were compared to investigate differences in the distribution of potentially traumatic events, current mental health symptoms, avoidance, sex and oral health, and hierarchical multivariable regression was used to study the influence of traumatic events on dental anxiety.
High dental anxiety was reported by 2.9% of the sample and was most prevalent among females and in the youngest age groups. Individuals with high dental anxiety reported more current mental health symptoms, and they were more likely to report poorer oral health and more irregular dental visits compared to individuals with no or lower dental anxiety scores. Concerning traumatic events, the reporting of painful or frightening dental treatment showed the biggest difference between those with high dental anxiety and low dental anxiety scores (a moderate effect). The hierarchical regression model indicated that reporting sexual abuse, traumatic medical treatment in hospital and childhood neglect significantly predicted dental anxiety in the step they were entered in, but only sexual abuse remained a significant individual contributor after controlling for current mental health symptoms.
The prevalence of high dental anxiety was lower than expected (2.9%), but dentally anxious individuals expressed a high burden of mental health symptoms, poor oral health and the avoidance of dental care. The regression analysis indicated that experiences with sexual abuse could affect dental anxiety levels in the absence of generalised symptoms of anxiety and depression.
本研究旨在描述成年人中牙科焦虑的流行情况以及牙科焦虑与潜在创伤性事件之间的可能关联。
本研究基于 2015-2016 年特罗姆瑟研究（特罗姆瑟市成年人群体的一项研究）第 7 波的横断面问卷调查数据。使用改良牙科焦虑量表（Modified Dental Anxiety Scale）来衡量潜在创伤性事件、口腔健康、牙科就诊（回避）和当前心理健康症状（霍普金斯症状清单）中的牙科焦虑。比较高、低牙科焦虑评分个体以调查潜在创伤性事件、当前心理健康症状、回避、性别和口腔健康的分布差异，并使用分层多变量回归来研究创伤性事件对牙科焦虑的影响。
2.9%的样本报告存在高度牙科焦虑，女性和年龄最小的人群中更为常见。与无或低牙科焦虑评分者相比，高度牙科焦虑者报告更多当前心理健康症状，且更可能报告口腔健康较差和牙科就诊不规律。关于创伤性事件，与低牙科焦虑评分者相比，报告痛苦或恐惧的牙科治疗存在最大差异（中等效应）。分层回归模型表明，报告性虐待、医院创伤性医疗和儿童期忽视在进入模型的步骤中显著预测了牙科焦虑，但在控制当前心理健康症状后，只有性虐待仍然是一个显著的个体贡献因素。
高度牙科焦虑的流行率低于预期（2.9%），但牙科焦虑个体表现出较高的心理健康症状负担、较差的口腔健康和对牙科护理的回避。回归分析表明，在没有广泛性焦虑和抑郁症状的情况下，性虐待经历可能会影响牙科焦虑水平。
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