Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Norte, Brazil.
Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2022 Mar;51(3):301-308. doi: 10.1111/jop.13265. Epub 2021 Dec 12.
Several studies evidenced the presence of oral alterations in ICU patient. However, data about identification of their risk factors in ICU patients is scarce, especially due to the lack of longitudinal prospective studies. Here, we evaluate the risk factors for the development of oral alterations in a group of ICU patients through a prospective longitudinal cohort.
During May-December 2019, 43 ICU patients in a tertiary hospital in Brazil were evaluated. Medical record reviews and oral examinations of each patient were made by 3 dentists in five distinct moments.
Among all patients, 53.5% (n = 23) were female, with a mean age of 59.8 years (±17.4). The incidence of oral alterations was 51.2% (35.6%-66.8%) and among these (n = 22), hyposalivation (n = 9; 40.9%), and lingual biofilm accumulation (n = 9; 40.9%) were the most common. The mean age of the group with oral alterations (66.9 years) was higher compared to the group without alterations (52.3 years). Furthermore, male patients (p = 0.02), older than 60 years (p = 0.004) and treated with mechanical ventilator (p = 0.03) had a higher risk of oral alterations.
Systemic parameters, as age and mechanical ventilator, could influence the oral environment of ICU patients.
多项研究证实 ICU 患者存在口腔改变。然而，由于缺乏纵向前瞻性研究，关于 ICU 患者口腔改变危险因素的数据很少。在这里，我们通过一项前瞻性纵向队列研究评估了一组 ICU 患者发生口腔改变的危险因素。
在 2019 年 5 月至 12 月期间，巴西一家三级医院的 43 名 ICU 患者接受了评估。3 名牙医在五个不同的时间点对每位患者的病历进行回顾和口腔检查。
所有患者中，53.5%（n=23）为女性，平均年龄为 59.8 岁（±17.4）。口腔改变的发生率为 51.2%（35.6%-66.8%），其中（n=22），低唾液分泌（n=9；40.9%）和舌生物膜积聚（n=9；40.9%）最为常见。口腔改变组的平均年龄（66.9 岁）高于无改变组（52.3 岁）。此外，男性患者（p=0.02）、年龄大于 60 岁（p=0.004）和使用机械通气（p=0.03）的患者发生口腔改变的风险更高。
全身参数，如年龄和机械通气，可能会影响 ICU 患者的口腔环境。
