Yeung Sharon, Rosenberg Mark, Banach Donna, Mayotte Lisa, Anand Sonia S, La Ronge Indian Band Lac, McKay First Nation Fort, Castleden Heather
University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, 250 College Street, 8th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
Queen's University, Department of Geography & Planning, Mackintosh-Corry Hall, 58 University Ave., Kingston, ON, K7L 3N9, Canada.
SSM Popul Health. 2021 Nov 10;16:100962. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100962. eCollection 2021 Dec.
To date, research on social capital in Indigenous contexts has been scarce. In this quantitative study, our objectives were to (1): Describe bonding social capital within four distinct First Nations communities in Canada, and (2) Explore the associations between bonding social capital and self-rated health in these communities. With community permission, cross-sectional data were drawn from the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds study. Four reserve-based First Nations communities were included in the analysis, totaling 591 participants. Descriptive statistics were computed to examine levels of social capital among communities and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify social capital predictors of good self-rated health. Age, sex, education level, and community were controlled for in all models. Across the four communities in this study, areas of common social capital included frequent socialization among friends and large and interconnected family networks. Positive self-rated health was associated with civic engagement at federal or provincial levels (OR=1.65, p<0.05) and organizational membership (OR=1.60, p<0.05), but overall, sociodemographic variables were more significantly associated with self-rated health than social capital variables. Significant differences in social capital were found across the four communities and community of residence was a significant health outcomes predictor in all logistic regression models. In conclusion, this study represents one of the first efforts to quantitatively study First Nations social capital with respect to health in Canada. The results reflect significant differences in the social capital landscape across different First Nations communities and suggest the need for social capital measurement tools that may be adapted to unique Indigenous contexts. Further, the impact of social capital on health may be better explored and interpreted with more community-specific instruments and with supplementary qualitative inquiry.
迄今为止，针对原住民背景下社会资本的研究非常匮乏。在这项定量研究中，我们的目标是：（1）描述加拿大四个不同的原住民社区内部的联结型社会资本；（2）探究这些社区中联结型社会资本与自评健康之间的关联。经社区许可，横断面数据取自加拿大健康心灵联盟研究。分析纳入了四个基于保留地的原住民社区，共有591名参与者。计算描述性统计数据以检验各社区的社会资本水平，并进行逻辑回归分析以确定自评健康良好的社会资本预测因素。所有模型均对年龄、性别、教育水平和社区进行了控制。在本研究的四个社区中，社会资本的共同领域包括朋友间的频繁社交以及庞大且相互关联的家庭网络。自评健康状况良好与在联邦或省级层面的公民参与（OR = 1.65，p < 0.05）和组织成员身份（OR = 1.60，p < 0.05）相关，但总体而言，社会人口学变量比社会资本变量与自评健康的关联更为显著。在四个社区中发现了社会资本的显著差异，且居住社区在所有逻辑回归模型中都是健康结果的显著预测因素。总之，本研究是加拿大首批定量研究原住民社会资本与健康关系的努力之一。结果反映了不同原住民社区社会资本状况的显著差异，并表明需要有适用于独特原住民背景的社会资本测量工具。此外，使用更具社区针对性的工具并辅以定性调查，可能会更好地探索和解释社会资本对健康的影响。
