用亚麻籽粕替代豆粕对肉鸡采食量、生长性能和胴体品质的影响。
Effect of dietary replacement of soybean meal with linseed meal on feed intake, growth performance and carcass quality of broilers.
作者信息
Tamasgen Negasa, Urge Mengistu, Girma Meseret, Nurfeta Ajebu
机构信息
Department of Animal Science, Wollega University, P. O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire-Dawa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2021 Oct 29;7(11):e08297. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08297. eCollection 2021 Nov.
To increase the chicken's productivity and performance it is imperative to exploit underutilized oil crops such as linseed meal as protein source. This study evaluated the effect of replacing soybean meal with graded levels of linseed meal on feed intake, growth performance and carcass parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 180 day-old Cobb500 broilers were distributed to five treatment diets in a completely randomized design replicated three times with 12 chicks each. Isocaloric and isonitrogenous treatment diets formulated were T1 (0%, diet with no linseed meal), T2 (25%), T3 (50%), T4 (75%) and T5 (100%, soybean meal in the diet was replaced by linseed meal). The feeding experiment lasted for 44 days. The total feed intake, mortality rate and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during starter phase were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. High (P < 0.05) starter phase body weight was recorded for T3 compared to T1, T2, T4 and T5 treatments but T2, T4 and T5 had similar average daily gain. The feed intake, body weight change, FCR and mortality during finisher phase and entire period were similar (P > 0.05) among treatment groups. The weight of most carcasses were similar (P > 0.05) among treatment except the weight of kidney, heart, breast, liver and abdominal fat. Kidney weight for T1 and T3 were higher (P < 0.05) than for T2, T4 and T5. The weight of heart for T3 was higher than T2 and T5 while T1, T3 and T4 were similar (P > 0.05). High (P < 0.05) breast weight were observed for T3 than T2 and T4. Liver weight for T3 was greater (P < 0.05) than T2 and T5. The total feed cost decreased with increasing levels of linseed meal. High net return was obtained from T3 followed by T4 and T2. The results showed that although linseed meal can replace 100% soybean meal in the ration without detrimental effect on the health, replacement at 50% (T3) is recommended for better performance of broilers.
为提高鸡的生产力和生产性能，利用未充分利用的油籽粕如亚麻籽粕作为蛋白质来源至关重要。本研究评估了用不同水平的亚麻籽粕替代豆粕对肉鸡采食量、生长性能和胴体参数的影响。总共180只1日龄的科宝500肉鸡被完全随机分配到5种处理日粮中，每种处理重复3次，每组12只鸡。所配制的等热量和等氮处理日粮分别为T1（0%，不含亚麻籽粕的日粮）、T2（25%）、T3（50%）、T4（75%）和T5（100%，日粮中的豆粕被亚麻籽粕替代）。饲养试验持续44天。在育雏阶段，各处理间的总采食量、死亡率和饲料转化率（FCR）相似（P>0.05）。与T1、T2、T4和T5处理相比，T3处理的育雏阶段体重较高（P<0.05），但T2、T4和T5的平均日增重相似。在育肥阶段和整个试验期，各处理组的采食量、体重变化、FCR和死亡率相似（P>0.05）。除肾脏、心脏、胸肉、肝脏和腹部脂肪的重量外，各处理间大多数胴体的重量相似（P>0.05）。T1和T3的肾脏重量高于T2、T4和T5（P<0.05）。T3的心脏重量高于T2和T5，而T1、T3和T4相似（P>0.05）。T3的胸肉重量高于T2和T4（P<0.05）。T3的肝脏重量大于T2和T5（P<0.05）。随着亚麻籽粕水平的增加，总饲料成本降低。T3的净收益最高，其次是T4和T2。结果表明，虽然亚麻籽粕可以在日粮中100%替代豆粕而对健康无不利影响，但建议以50%（T3）的替代率来实现肉鸡的更好性能。
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