Holcombe Alex O
School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Psychol. 2022 May;113(2):434-454. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12541. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Ad hominem discourse is largely prohibited in scientific journals. Historically, this prohibition restricted the dissemination of ad hominem discussion, but during the last decade, blogs and social media platforms became popular among researchers. With the use of social media now entrenched among researchers, there are important questions about the role of ad hominems. Ad hominems and other forms of strong criticism became particularly evident in online discussions associated with the recent replication crisis in psychology. Here, these discussions, and a few incidences of ad hominems in journal articles, are situated in the broader history of science. It is argued that explicit codes of conduct should be considered to curb certain kinds of ad hominem comments in certain fora, but that some ad hominem discussions have an important role to play in a healthier science.
人身攻击式的言论在科学期刊中基本是被禁止的。从历史上看,这种禁令限制了人身攻击式讨论的传播,但在过去十年里,博客和社交媒体平台在研究人员中变得流行起来。随着社交媒体在研究人员中得到广泛应用,关于人身攻击言论的作用出现了一些重要问题。在与近期心理学领域的复制危机相关的在线讨论中,人身攻击言论和其他形式的激烈批评变得尤为明显。在这里,这些讨论以及期刊文章中出现的一些人身攻击事例,被置于更广泛的科学史背景下进行考量。有人认为,应该考虑制定明确的行为准则,以抑制某些论坛中特定类型的人身攻击言论,但也有一些人身攻击式讨论在更健康的科学发展中能发挥重要作用。