Afzal Muhammad, Al-Abbasi Fahad A, Nadeem Muhammad Shahid, Alshehri Sultan, Ghoneim Mohammed M, Imam Syed Sarim, Almalki Waleed Hassan, Kazmi Imran
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Metabolites. 2021 Nov 21;11(11):794. doi: 10.3390/metabo11110794.
In East Asians, the incidence of type 2 DM (T2DM) has increased as a result of major alterations in life. Cardiovascular problems are more likely in those with T2DM. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are novel insulin-independent antihyperglycemic drugs that limit renal glucose reabsorption and thereby improve glycemic control. They are used alone or in combination with insulin and other antihyperglycemic medications to treat diabetes, and they are also helpful in protecting against the progression of complications. This review has evaluated the available evidence not only on the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in T2DM, but also on their favourable cardiovascular events in East Asians. DM is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. As a result, in addition to glycemic control in diabetes management, the therapeutic goal in East Asian diabetic patients should be to improve adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Besides establishing antidiabetic effects, several studies have reported cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors via numerous pathways. SGLT2 inhibitors show promising antidiabetic drugs with potential cardiovascular advantages, given that a high number of diabetic patients in East Asia have co-existing cardiovascular disorders. Despite significant positive results in favour of SGLT2, more research is needed to determine how SGLT2 inhibitors exert these impressive cardiovascular effects.
在东亚人群中，2型糖尿病（T2DM）的发病率因生活方式的重大改变而上升。T2DM患者更容易出现心血管问题。钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）抑制剂是一类新型的非胰岛素依赖型降糖药物，可限制肾脏对葡萄糖的重吸收，从而改善血糖控制。它们可单独使用，或与胰岛素及其他降糖药物联合使用来治疗糖尿病，并且在预防并发症进展方面也有帮助。这篇综述不仅评估了SGLT2抑制剂治疗T2DM疗效的现有证据，还评估了其在东亚人群中对心血管事件的有益影响。糖尿病是心血管疾病的独立危险因素。因此，在糖尿病管理中，除了控制血糖外，东亚糖尿病患者的治疗目标还应是改善不良心血管结局。除了确立降糖作用外，多项研究还报道了SGLT2抑制剂通过多种途径带来的心脏保护益处。鉴于东亚大量糖尿病患者同时存在心血管疾病，SGLT2抑制剂显示出有前景的降糖药物且具有潜在心血管优势。尽管支持SGLT2的结果显著为阳性，但仍需要更多研究来确定SGLT2抑制剂如何发挥这些令人印象深刻的心血管效应。
