Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China.
Department of Grain Science and Technology, Jilin Business and Technology College, Changchun 130507, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Oct 20;13(11):741. doi: 10.3390/toxins13110741.
The scientific rationality of farmers' grain storage technology and equipment is crucial for the biosecurity of grain in the main grain-producing areas represented by Northeast China. In this paper, four farmer grain storage mock silos of different widths were used as a means to track an experimental cycle of grain storage. The absolute water potential of corn in all four silos at the beginning of the experiment was greater than the absolute water potential of air, prompting moisture migration from the grain interior to the air and down to about 14%. Moisture was influenced by wind direction, and moisture decreased faster with better ventilation on both sides of the grain silos. Therefore, grain silo width has a significant effect on the drying effect under naturally ventilated conditions of maize ears. This research focused on the determination and assessment of mycotoxin contamination under farmers' storage grain conditions and analyzed the effect of silo structure on the distribution of mycotoxin contamination. When the width was too large, areas of high mycotoxin infection existed in the middle of the grain silo, and ventilation and tipping could be used to reduce the risk of toxin production. This study proved that reasonable farmer grain storage techniques and devices in Northeast China can effectively protect grain from mycotoxin contamination.
以东北地区为代表的主产区农户储粮技术与装具的科学性对储粮生物安全至关重要。本研究采用 4 个不同宽度的农户储粮模拟仓作为试验手段，跟踪一个完整的储粮试验周期。在试验开始时，所有四个筒仓中玉米的绝对水势均大于空气的绝对水势，促使水分从粮食内部迁移到空气中，并下降到约 14%。水分受风向影响，两侧通风较好的筒仓内水分下降速度更快。因此，筒仓的宽度对玉米穗在自然通风条件下的干燥效果有显著影响。本研究重点关注农户储粮条件下真菌毒素污染的测定和评估，并分析了筒仓结构对真菌毒素污染分布的影响。当宽度过大时，筒仓中间部分会出现高污染区，可以采用通风和倒仓的方式降低产毒风险。本研究证明，东北地区合理的农户储粮技术和装具可以有效保护粮食免受真菌毒素污染。
