Minov Jordan
Department for Physiology of Work, Institute for Occupational Health of R. North Macedonia, Skopje, R. Macedonia.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2022 Apr;16(4):429-436. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.2011722. Epub 2021 Dec 6.
Occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, i.e. work-related asthma (WRA) and occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are the most common occupational lung diseases in the last decades worldwide. As in the case of the other occupational disorders, these diseases may be prevented.
WRA is a heterogeneous entity that includes three subtypes, immunologic occupational asthma (OA), irritant-induced asthma (IIA), and work-exacerbated asthma (WEA), depending on the role of occupational exposures as a causing or aggravating factor of the disease. In addition, there is consistent evidence that a substantial proportion of COPD cases can be explained by exposure to noxious particles and gases other than tobacco smoke, such as workplace dusts, gases, fumes, and vapors. The articles cited in this paper were searched by keywords in several databases in the period up to May-July 2021.
The development of occupational chronic obstructive disorder is a matter of prevention. WRA and occupational COPD contribute significantly to the overall burden of asthma and COPD. Activities and measures targeted to elimination or reduction of harmful workplace exposures, as well as to early detection and early intervention in the course of the lung damage, can significantly reduce the burden caused by these diseases.
职业性慢性阻塞性肺疾病，即与工作相关的哮喘（WRA）和职业性慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），是过去几十年全球最常见的职业性肺病。与其他职业性疾病一样，这些疾病是可以预防的。
WRA是一种异质性疾病，根据职业暴露作为疾病致病或加重因素的作用，包括三种亚型，即免疫性职业性哮喘（OA）、刺激性诱导哮喘（IIA）和工作加重性哮喘（WEA）。此外，有一致的证据表明，相当一部分COPD病例可归因于接触除烟草烟雾之外的有害颗粒和气体，如 workplace dusts、gases、fumes和vapors。本文引用的文章在截至2021年5月至7月期间通过关键词在多个数据库中进行了检索。
职业性慢性阻塞性疾病的发生是一个预防问题。WRA和职业性COPD对哮喘和COPD的总体负担有重大影响。旨在消除或减少有害工作场所暴露以及在肺损伤过程中进行早期检测和早期干预的活动和措施，可以显著减轻这些疾病造成的负担。
