从食物垃圾中制造基于木质素的碳纤维纳米纤维，作为通用超级电容器。
Fabricating lignin-based carbon nanofibers as versatile supercapacitors from food wastes.
机构信息
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
出版信息
Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Jan 1;194:632-643. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.107. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
Recently, the high-value utilization of food wastes has attracted great interest in sustainable development. Focusing on the major application of electrochemical energy storage (ECES), light-weight lignin-based carbon nanofibers (LCNFs) were controllably fabricated as supercapacitors from melon seed shells (MSS) and peanut shells (PS) through electrospinning and carbonizing processes. As a result, the optimal specific capacitance of 533.7 F/g in three-electrode system, energy density of 69.7 Wh/kg and power density of 780 W/Kg in two-electrode system were achieved. Surprisingly, the LCNFs also presented a satisfied electromagnetic absorption property: The minimum reflection loss (RL) value reached -37.2 dB at an absorbing frequency of 7.98 GHz with an effective frequency (RL < 10 dB) of 2.24 GHz (6.88 to 9.12 GHz) at a thickness of 3.0 mm. These features make the multifunctional LCNFs highly attractive for light-weight supercapacitor electrodes and electromagnetic wave absorbers applications.
最近，食物垃圾的高值化利用在可持续发展方面引起了极大的兴趣。本研究聚焦电化学储能（ECES）的主要应用，通过静电纺丝和碳化工艺，以西瓜籽壳（MSS）和花生壳（PS）为原料，可控地制备了轻质的基于木质素的碳纳米纤维（LCNFs）作为超级电容器。结果，在三电极系统中获得了 533.7 F/g 的最佳比电容、在双电极系统中获得了 69.7 Wh/kg 的能量密度和 780 W/Kg 的功率密度。令人惊讶的是，LCNFs 还表现出了令人满意的电磁波吸收性能：在厚度为 3.0mm 时，在 7.98GHz 的吸收频率下，最小反射损耗（RL）值达到-37.2dB，有效频率（RL<10dB）为 2.24GHz（6.88 至 9.12GHz）。这些特性使得多功能 LCNFs 非常适合作为轻质超级电容器电极和电磁波吸收体的应用。
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