Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Liliane de Stewart, CP 6128 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada.
Centre de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal et du CIUSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal [CReSP], 7101 Avenue du Parc, Montréal, QC H3N 1X7, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2022 Apr;47(4):379-394. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0950. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
A multi-stage sampling strategy selected 1387 on-reserve First Nations adults in Ontario. Foods from a 24-hour dietary recall were assigned to the 100 most common food groups for men and women. Nutrients from market foods (MF) and traditional foods (TF) harvested from the wild as well as MF costs were assigned based on the proportions of total grams consumed. Linear programming was performed imposing various constraints to determine whether it was possible to develop diets that included the most popular foods while meeting Institute of Medicine guidelines. Final models were obtained for both sexes with the top 100 food groups consumed while limiting the nutrient-poor foods to no more than the actual observed intake. These models met all nutrient constraints for men but those for dietary fibre, linoleic acid, phosphorus, and potassium were removed for women. MF costs were obtained from community retailers and online resources. A grocery list was then developed and MF were costed for a family of 4. The grocery list underestimated the actual weekly food cost because TF was not included. Contemporary observed diets deviated from healthier historic First Nations diets. A culturally appropriate diet would include more traditional First Nations foods and fewer MF. Linear programming is a mathematical approach to evaluating the diets of First Nations. The grocery list is representative of food patterns within Ontario First Nations and can be used as an alternative to the nutritious food basket used for public health food costing.
采用多阶段抽样策略在安大略省选择了 1387 名留守的第一民族成年人。从 24 小时膳食回忆中获取的食物被分配给男性和女性最常见的 100 种食物组。基于消费的总克数比例，从市场食品 (MF) 和从野外收获的传统食品 (TF) 以及 MF 成本中分配了营养素。通过施加各种约束来进行线性规划，以确定是否有可能开发出包括最受欢迎的食物的饮食，同时符合医学研究所的指南。对于男性和女性都获得了最终模型，同时将营养较差的食物限制在实际观察到的摄入量以下。这些模型满足了男性的所有营养限制，但对于膳食纤维、亚油酸、磷和钾，女性的模型则去除了这些限制。MF 成本来自社区零售商和在线资源。然后制定了一份购物清单，并为一个四口之家计算了 MF 的成本。由于未包括 TF，因此购物清单低估了实际每周食物成本。当代观察到的饮食与更健康的历史上的第一民族饮食不同。一种文化上合适的饮食将包括更多传统的第一民族食物和更少的 MF。线性规划是一种评估第一民族饮食的数学方法。购物清单代表了安大略省第一民族内部的食物模式，可以作为公共卫生食品成本核算中使用的营养食品篮的替代方案。
