Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environment Technology, Beijing 102206, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 20;818:151825. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151825. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
We already know that the construction of shale gas extraction infrastructure exacerbates soil erosion in vulnerable areas. We are not clear however, about whether the completed well pads and pipelines continue to influence soil erosion after the construction is completed. We applied high-resolution remote sensing images and DEM data from 2014 and 2017 and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to calculate how the layout of the well pads and pipelines in a shale gas development area affected soil erosion. We used Geodetector to analyze the factors that affected the soil erosion intensity around the well pads. The results showed that about 0.02% and 0.12% of the total erosion in the shale gas development zone was directly caused by the completed well pads and pipelines in 2014 and 2017, respectively. Most of the erosion was related to the completed pipelines. The completed shale gas well pads affected the soil erosion intensity up to 90 and 60 m from the pads in 2014 and 2017, respectively. The soil erosion around the completed pipelines was mainly from the soil surface over the pipeline and had little effect on the surroundings. The main influences on the soil erosion intensity at different distances from the well pads were land use and slope, and the interactions between them. We suggest that, when developing new shale gas extraction facilities, gas pipelines should be arranged in gently sloping areas, and vegetation should be planted on the bare soil over the pipelines to reduce soil erosion.
我们已经知道，页岩气开采基础设施的建设会加剧脆弱地区的土壤侵蚀。然而，我们不清楚的是，在建设完成后，已建成的井场和管道是否还会继续影响土壤侵蚀。我们应用了高分辨率的遥感图像和 2014 年和 2017 年的 DEM 数据，以及修正后的通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）模型，来计算页岩气开发区的井场和管道布局如何影响土壤侵蚀。我们使用地理探测器分析了影响井场周围土壤侵蚀强度的因素。结果表明，在 2014 年和 2017 年，页岩气开发区总侵蚀量的 0.02%和 0.12%分别直接由已建成的井场和管道造成。大部分侵蚀与已建成的管道有关。已建成的页岩气井场对 2014 年和 2017 年井场周边土壤侵蚀强度的影响分别可达 90 和 60 米。已建成的管道周围的土壤侵蚀主要来自管道上方的土壤表面，对周围环境影响较小。对井场不同距离处土壤侵蚀强度的主要影响因素是土地利用和坡度，以及它们之间的相互作用。我们建议，在开发新的页岩气开采设施时，应将输气管道布置在缓坡地区，并在管道上方的裸土上种植植被，以减少土壤侵蚀。
