Bhalerao Sushank A, Majji Saisree, Mohamed Ashik, Vuyyuru Sowjanya, Gogri Pratik Y, Garg Prashant
Consultant Ophthalmologist, The Cornea Institute, KVC Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Ophthalmic Biophysics, KAR Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021 Dec;69(12):3643-3647. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1277_21.
To study the changing trends in the morphology of cataracts at a tertiary eye care center in South India due to COVID-19 pandemic-related national lockdown.
A retrospective study conducted at a tertiary eye care center in Andhra Pradesh state of South India, which included 1724 patients (1753 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery at our center during April 2019-July 2019 (1298 eyes of 1271 patients) and April 2020-July 2020 (455 eyes of 453 patients). Factors studied included preoperative lens status, associated phacodonesis or subluxation, pupil size, other eye lens status, associated retinal problems, glaucoma, and complications during surgery. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal clarity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and disc status at postoperative day 1, 1 week, and 1-month visits were compared.
A significantly lower proportion of nuclear sclerosis (decreased from 83.2% in last year before lockdown to 55.2% during lockdown) and significantly higher proportions of mature, brown, or black cataract and phacomorphic, phacolytic, or Morgagnian cataract (increased from 15.5% in last year before lockdown to 43.8% during lockdown) were observed. The proportion of small-incision cataract surgery decreased significantly (from 63.2% to 57.4%), whereas the proportion of phacoemulsification increased significantly (from 35.9% to 41.5%) during lockdown as compared to last year. A significantly higher proportion of eyes with small pupils and association with retinal pathology were also observed during the lockdown.
During the national lockdown, there was a shift from nuclear sclerosis grade toward mature, brown, black grade of cataracts. In addition, the proportion of small-incision cataract surgery decreased significantly whereas the proportion of phacoemulsification increased significantly during the lockdown. More number of cataracts with small pupils and associated retinal pathology were observed during the lockdown.
研究印度南部一家三级眼科护理中心因新冠疫情相关全国封锁导致的白内障形态变化趋势。
在印度南部安得拉邦的一家三级眼科护理中心进行一项回顾性研究，该研究纳入了1724例患者（1753只眼），他们于2019年4月至2019年7月（1271例患者的1298只眼）以及2020年4月至2020年7月（453例患者的455只眼）在我们中心接受了白内障手术。研究的因素包括术前晶状体状态、相关晶状体震颤或半脱位、瞳孔大小、其他眼内晶状体状态、相关视网膜问题、青光眼以及手术期间的并发症。比较术后第1天、1周和1个月随访时的术后未矫正视力（UCVA）、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、角膜清晰度、眼压（IOP）和视盘状态。
观察到核硬化的比例显著降低（从封锁前一年的83.2%降至封锁期间的55.2%），而成熟、棕色或黑色白内障以及晶状体膨胀、溶解性或莫尔加尼白内障的比例显著升高（从封锁前一年的15.5%增至封锁期间的43.8%）。与去年相比，封锁期间小切口白内障手术的比例显著下降（从63.2%降至57.4%），而超声乳化手术的比例显著上升（从35.9%增至41.5%）。在封锁期间还观察到瞳孔小且伴有视网膜病变的眼的比例显著更高。
在全国封锁期间，白内障从核硬化等级向成熟、棕色、黑色等级转变。此外，封锁期间小切口白内障手术的比例显著下降，而超声乳化手术的比例显著上升。封锁期间观察到更多伴有小瞳孔和相关视网膜病变的白内障。
