Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
School of Science and Technics of Animal Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, 03 BP 2819 Jéricho Cotonou, Benin.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Oct 26;12(11):1702. doi: 10.3390/genes12111702.
This study investigated polymorphisms in the milk protein genes , , , , , and , and casein haplotypes in Beninese indigenous cattle. Considering 67 animals, DNA sequencing of the genes' exons, flanking regions and parts of the 5'-upstream regions identified 1058 genetic variants including 731 previously unknown. In addition, four novel milk protein variants were detected, including (p.Ala66Val), (p.Arg58Trp), (p.Ala134Val) and (p.Thr92Asnfs*13). is caused by a novel SNP (BTA6:85656526C>T, exon 4) whereas and are due to rs714688595C>T (exon 1) and rs109625649C>T (exon 4), respectively. Regarding , a frameshift insertion of one adenine residue at BTA11:103257980 (exon 3) induces a premature translation termination resulting in a 46% reduction of the reference protein sequence. The casein polymorphisms formed five main haplotypes including B-A1-A-B, B-A1-A-A and C-A2-A-B which are predominant in the investigated cattle breeds. Moreover, in silico analyses of polymorphisms within the 5'- and 3'- untranslated regions of all six milk proteins revealed effects on microRNA and transcription factor binding sites. This study suggests a large genetic variation of milk protein genes in Beninese cattle, which should be investigated in further studies for their effects on milk production, including quality and yield traits.
本研究调查了贝宁本土牛的乳蛋白基因、、、、、和，以及酪蛋白单倍型的多态性。考虑到 67 只动物，对基因外显子、侧翼区域和部分 5'-上游区域的 DNA 测序鉴定出了 1058 种遗传变异，其中包括 731 种先前未知的变异。此外，还检测到了四种新的乳蛋白变异体，包括 （p.Ala66Val）、（p.Arg58Trp）、（p.Ala134Val）和 （p.Thr92Asnfs*13）。是由一个新的 SNP（BTA6:85656526C>T，外显子 4）引起的，而和是由 rs714688595C>T（外显子 1）和 rs109625649C>T（外显子 4）引起的。关于，BTA11:103257980（外显子 3）处一个腺嘌呤残基的移码插入导致提前翻译终止，导致参考蛋白序列减少 46%。酪蛋白多态性形成了五个主要的 单倍型，包括 B-A1-A-B、B-A1-A-A 和 C-A2-A-B，这些单倍型在被调查的牛品种中占主导地位。此外，对所有六种乳蛋白的 5'-和 3'-非翻译区的多态性进行了计算机分析，结果表明这些多态性会影响 microRNA 和转录因子结合位点。本研究表明，贝宁牛的乳蛋白基因存在大量遗传变异，这些变异应该在进一步的研究中进行调查，以了解它们对产奶量的影响，包括质量和产量性状。
