Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Toreza Prospekt 44, 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Polytekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 10;22(22):12174. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212174.
Epileptic activity leads to rapid insertion of calcium-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (CP-AMPARs) into the synapses of cortical and hippocampal glutamatergic neurons, which generally do not express them. The physiological significance of this process is not yet fully understood; however, it is usually assumed to be a pathological process that augments epileptic activity. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in rat entorhinal cortex slices, we demonstrate that the timing of epileptiform discharges, induced by 4-aminopyridine and gabazine, is determined by the shunting effect of Ca-dependent slow conductance, mediated predominantly by K-channels. The blockade of CP-AMPARs by IEM-1460 eliminates this extra conductance and consequently increases the rate of discharge generation. The blockade of NMDARs reduced the additional conductance to a lesser extent than the blockade of CP-AMPARs, indicating that CP-AMPARs are a more significant source of intracellular Ca. The study's main findings were implemented in a mathematical model, which reproduces the shunting effect of activity-dependent conductance on the generation of discharges. The obtained results suggest that the expression of CP-AMPARs in principal neurons reduces the discharge generation rate and may be considered as a protective mechanism.
癫痫活动导致钙通透性 α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体 (CP-AMPAR) 快速插入皮质和海马谷氨酸能神经元的突触,而这些神经元通常不表达 CP-AMPAR。该过程的生理意义尚未完全理解;然而,通常认为这是增强癫痫活动的病理过程。使用大鼠内嗅皮层切片的全细胞膜片钳记录,我们证明 4-氨基吡啶和gabazine 诱导的癫痫样放电的时间由 Ca 依赖性慢电导的分流效应决定,主要由 K 通道介导。CP-AMPAR 的阻断剂 IEM-1460 消除了这种额外的电导,从而增加了放电产生的速率。与 CP-AMPAR 阻断相比,NMDAR 阻断对额外电导的减少程度较小,表明 CP-AMPAR 是细胞内 Ca 的更重要来源。该研究的主要发现被应用于数学模型中,该模型再现了活动依赖性电导对放电产生的分流效应。所得结果表明,主神经元中 CP-AMPAR 的表达降低了放电产生的速率,可被视为一种保护机制。