东南欧儿科牙医在 COVID-19 疫情第一波期间的服务提供情况：关于预防措施和个人防护设备使用的经验教训。
Pediatric Dentists' Service Provisions in South-East Europe during the First Wave of COVID-19 Epidemic: Lessons Learned about Preventive Measures and Personal Protective Equipment Use.
机构信息
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
School of Public Health and Health Management, Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 10;18(22):11795. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211795.
INTRODUCTION
Having in mind the importance of providing continuous pediatric dental services during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that children have similar viral loads to adults, the potential to spread the virus to others, and with variable clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection, this study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on pediatric dentistry service provision, risks, and preventive measures before and during dental treatment.
METHOD
Structured and closed epidemiological cross-sectional survey involved seven Southeastern European countries. The questionnaire was developed using the modified Delphi method, pretested, and tested in North Italy during April 2020. The sample consisted of licensed dental professionals reached via national dental chambers and social media using the best strategies according to the national setting.
RESULTS
A total of 3227 dentists participated in the survey, and we included 643 specialists in this study-among them, 164 were pediatric dentists. Most pediatric dentists worked in the public sector (61.0%) and provided emergency (64.6%) and routine dental treatment (18.3%) during the outbreak. One-third of pediatric dentists were COVID-19 tested, statistically significantly more than other specialties, and 3.0% tested COVID-19 positive. In addition, significantly more pediatric dentists (13.4%) reported the presence of at least one symptom related to COVID-19 compared to other specialists (6.1%). None of the pediatric dentists reported PPE shortage. However, 26.2% of all specialists stated that they lacked clear step by step professional guidance in a national language. Similarly, in both groups, around 10% of specialists attended education on coronavirus.
CONCLUSIONS
Considering that most pediatric dentists provided dental treatment during lockdown in their countries in public health centers and that they will continue to work during pandemic, our results suggest that pediatric dentists might be at higher risk of COVID-19 infection. Further research should focus on finding better ways to promote and adapt preventive, protective measures and PPE in the pediatric dental setting to be behaviorally acceptable. Moreover, additional efforts should be invested in dental education regarding COVID-19 in the mother tongue.
简介
鉴于在 COVID-19 大流行期间提供持续的儿科牙科服务的重要性，以及儿童与成人具有相似的病毒载量、向他人传播病毒的潜力以及 COVID-19 感染的临床表现各不相同，本研究旨在分析 COVID-19 爆发对儿科牙科服务提供、风险和预防措施的影响。
方法
本研究采用结构化、封闭式的横断面调查，涉及 7 个东南欧国家。该问卷采用改良德尔菲法制定，在 2020 年 4 月在意大利北部进行了预测试和测试。样本由通过国家牙科协会和根据国家情况使用最佳策略通过社交媒体联系的持照牙科专业人员组成。
结果
共有 3227 名牙医参与了调查，其中包括 643 名专家，其中 164 名为儿科牙医。大多数儿科牙医在公共部门工作（61.0%），在疫情期间提供紧急（64.6%）和常规牙科治疗（18.3%）。三分之一的儿科牙医接受了 COVID-19 检测，明显多于其他专业，3.0%检测结果为 COVID-19 阳性。此外，与其他专科医生（6.1%）相比，有更多的儿科牙医（13.4%）报告出现至少一种与 COVID-19 相关的症状。没有一位儿科牙医报告缺乏个人防护设备。然而，26.2%的专家表示，他们缺乏以本国语言提供的明确的、分步骤的专业指导。同样，在这两个组中，约有 10%的专家参加了冠状病毒相关教育。
结论
鉴于大多数儿科牙医在本国的公共卫生中心在封锁期间提供牙科治疗，并且他们将继续在大流行期间工作，我们的研究结果表明，儿科牙医可能面临更高的 COVID-19 感染风险。应进一步研究，以找到更好的方法来促进和调整儿科牙科环境中的预防、保护措施和个人防护设备，使其更符合行为规范。此外，应投入更多的精力进行有关 COVID-19 的母语牙科教育。
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