Chen Mingliang, Heijman Sebastiaan G J, Rietveld Luuk C
Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Nov 19;11(11):888. doi: 10.3390/membranes11110888.
Membrane filtration is considered to be one of the most promising methods for oily wastewater treatment. Because of their hydrophilic surface, ceramic membranes show less fouling compared with their polymeric counterparts. Membrane fouling, however, is an inevitable phenomenon in the filtration process, leading to higher energy consumption and a shorter lifetime of the membrane. It is therefore important to improve the fouling resistance of the ceramic membranes in oily wastewater treatment. In this review, we first focus on the various methods used for ceramic membrane modification, aiming for application in oily wastewater. Then, the performance of the modified ceramic membranes is discussed and compared. We found that, besides the traditional sol-gel and dip-coating methods, atomic layer deposition is promising for ceramic membrane modification in terms of the control of layer thickness, and pore size tuning. Enhanced surface hydrophilicity and surface charge are two of the most used strategies to improve the performance of ceramic membranes for oily wastewater treatment. Nano-sized metal oxides such as TiO, ZrO and FeO and graphene oxide are considered to be the potential candidates for ceramic membrane modification for flux enhancement and fouling alleviation. The passive antifouling ceramic membranes, e.g., photocatalytic and electrified ceramic membranes, have shown some potential in fouling control, oil rejection and flux enhancement, but have their limitations.
膜过滤被认为是处理含油废水最具前景的方法之一。由于陶瓷膜具有亲水性表面，与聚合物膜相比，其污染程度较低。然而，膜污染是过滤过程中不可避免的现象，会导致更高的能耗和更短的膜使用寿命。因此，提高陶瓷膜在含油废水处理中的抗污染能力非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们首先关注用于陶瓷膜改性的各种方法，目标是应用于含油废水处理。然后，讨论并比较了改性陶瓷膜的性能。我们发现，除了传统的溶胶 - 凝胶法和浸涂法外，原子层沉积在控制层厚度和孔径调节方面对陶瓷膜改性很有前景。增强表面亲水性和表面电荷是提高陶瓷膜处理含油废水性能最常用的两种策略。纳米级金属氧化物如TiO、ZrO和FeO以及氧化石墨烯被认为是用于增强通量和减轻污染的陶瓷膜改性的潜在候选材料。被动抗污染陶瓷膜，如光催化和带电陶瓷膜，在污染控制、拒油和通量增强方面已显示出一些潜力，但也有其局限性。
