Parvez Shahid, Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque, Ali Masood Ashraf, Dobrotă Dan
Mechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16273, Saudi Arabia.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;14(22):6845. doi: 10.3390/ma14226845.
A 3D numerical simulation was conducted to study the transient development of temperature distribution in stationary gas tungsten arc welding with filler wire. Heat transfer to the filler wire and the workpiece was investigated with vertical (90°) and titled (70°) torches. Heat flux, current flux, and gas drag force were calculated from the steady-state simulation of the arc. The temperature in the filler wire was determined at three different time intervals: 0.12 s, 0.24 s, and 0.36 s. The filler wire was assumed not to deform during this short time, and was therefore simulated as solid. The temperature in the workpiece was calculated at the same intervals using heat flux, current flux, gas drag force, Marangoni convection, and buoyancy. It should be noted that heat transfer to the filler wire was faster with the titled torch compared to the vertical torch. Heat flux to the workpiece was asymmetrical with both the vertical and tilted torches when the filler wire was fully inserted into the arc. It was found that the overall trends of temperature contours for both the arc and the workpiece were in good agreement. It was also observed that more heat was transferred to the filler wire with the 70° torch compared with the 90° torch. The melted volume of the filler wire (volume above 1750 °K) was 12 mm with the 70° torch, compared to 9.2 mm with the 90° torch.
进行了三维数值模拟，以研究填充焊丝的稳态气体钨极弧焊中温度分布的瞬态发展。使用垂直（90°）和倾斜（70°）焊炬研究了向填充焊丝和工件的热传递。通过电弧的稳态模拟计算了热通量、电流通量和气体阻力。在三个不同的时间间隔（0.12 s、0.24 s和0.36 s）确定填充焊丝中的温度。假设填充焊丝在这段短时间内不会变形，因此将其模拟为固体。使用热通量、电流通量、气体阻力、马兰戈尼对流和浮力，以相同的时间间隔计算工件中的温度。应当指出，与垂直焊炬相比，倾斜焊炬向填充焊丝的热传递更快。当填充焊丝完全插入电弧中时，垂直焊炬和倾斜焊炬向工件的热通量都是不对称的。结果发现，电弧和工件的温度等值线的总体趋势吻合良好。还观察到，与90°焊炬相比，70°焊炬向填充焊丝传递的热量更多。70°焊炬的填充焊丝熔化体积（高于1750°K的体积）为12 mm，而90°焊炬为9.2 mm。
