Chen Yi-Gong, Sofińska-Chmiel Weronika, Lv Gui-Yuan, Kołodyńska Dorota, Chen Su-Hong
Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M. Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Nov 21;14(22):7067. doi: 10.3390/ma14227067.
Ion exchange technique as the reversible exchange of ions between the substrate and the surrounding medium can be an effective way of removing traces of ion impurities from the waters and wastewaters and obtaining a product of ultrapure quality. Therefore, it can be used in analytical chemistry, hydrometallurgy, purification and separation of metal ions, radioisotopes and organic compounds, and it also finds great application in water treatment and pollution control. In the presented paper, the new trends for ion exchanger characteristics determination and application are presented. Special attention is paid to the ion exchangers with multifunctionality for heavy metal ions removal. They show superior actions such as sorption capacity values with excellent resistance to fouling and the possibility of application in the co-current or modern packed bed counter-current systems, as well as for the condensate polishing or the conventional mixed bed systems in combination with other resins. The results of the paper are expected to help researchers to establish a powerful strategy to find a suitable ion exchanger for heavy metal ions removal from waters and wastewaters. It is important because the best ion exchangers are selected for a specific application during laboratory tests taking into account the composition of the feed solution, pH, type of ion exchangers and then the column breakthrough tests. Therefore, the optical profilometry and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can prove beneficial for this purpose in the case of three different ion exchangers such as Dowex M 4195, Amberlite IRA 743 and Purolite Arsen X.
离子交换技术作为底物与周围介质之间离子的可逆交换，可能是从水和废水中去除痕量离子杂质并获得超纯品质产品的有效方法。因此，它可用于分析化学、湿法冶金、金属离子、放射性同位素和有机化合物的纯化与分离，并且在水处理和污染控制方面也有广泛应用。在本文中，介绍了离子交换剂特性测定和应用的新趋势。特别关注具有去除重金属离子多功能性的离子交换剂。它们表现出卓越的性能，如具有出色抗污染能力的吸附容量值，以及可应用于并流或现代填充床逆流系统，还可用于冷凝水净化或与其他树脂组合的传统混合床系统。本文的结果有望帮助研究人员建立一个强大的策略，以找到适合从水和废水中去除重金属离子的离子交换剂。这很重要，因为在实验室测试期间，会根据进料溶液的组成、pH值、离子交换剂类型，然后进行柱穿透试验，为特定应用选择最佳的离子交换剂。因此，对于三种不同的离子交换剂，如陶氏化学公司的Dowex M 4195、安伯莱特公司的Amberlite IRA 743和漂莱特公司的Purolite Arsen X，光学轮廓测量法和X射线光电子能谱在这方面可能会有所帮助。
