Bahrani Hirbod, Båga Monica, Larsen Jamie, Graf Robert J, Laroche Andre, Chibbar Ravindra N
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON N0R 1G0, Canada.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 13;10(11):2455. doi: 10.3390/plants10112455.
Overwintering cereals accumulate low temperature tolerance (LTT) during cold acclimation in the autumn. Simultaneously, the plants adjust to the colder season by making developmental changes at the shoot apical meristem. These processes lead to higher winter hardiness in winter rye varieties ( L.) adapted to Northern latitudes as compared to other cereal crops. To dissect the winter-hardiness trait in rye, a panel of 96 genotypes of different origins and growth habits was assessed for winter field survival (WFS), LTT, and six developmental traits. Best Linear Unbiased Estimates for WFS determined from five field trials correlated strongly with LTT (r = 0.90, < 0.001); thus, cold acclimation efficiency was the major contributor to WFS. WFS also correlated strongly ( < 0.001) with final leaf number (r = 0.80), prostrate growth habit (r = 0.61), plant height (r = 0.34), but showed weaker associations with top internode length (r = 0.30, 0.01) and days to anthesis (r = 0.25, 0.05). The heritability estimates () for WFS-associated traits ranged from 0.45 (prostrate growth habit) to 0.81 (final leaf number) and were overall higher than for WFS ( = 0.48). All developmental traits associated with WFS and LTT are postulated to be regulated by phytohormone levels at shoot apical meristem.
越冬谷物在秋季低温驯化过程中积累低温耐受性（LTT）。同时，植株通过在茎尖分生组织进行发育变化来适应更寒冷的季节。与其他谷类作物相比，这些过程使适应北纬地区的冬黑麦品种具有更高的抗寒性。为了剖析黑麦的抗寒性状，对一组96个不同来源和生长习性的基因型进行了田间越冬存活率（WFS）、LTT和六个发育性状的评估。从五个田间试验确定的WFS的最佳线性无偏估计值与LTT密切相关（r = 0.90，P < 0.001）；因此，低温驯化效率是WFS的主要贡献因素。WFS还与最终叶片数（r = 0.80）、匍匐生长习性（r = 0.61）、株高（r = 0.34）密切相关（P < 0.001），但与顶部节间长度（r = 0.30，P = 0.01）和开花天数（r = 0.25，P = 0.05）的相关性较弱。与WFS相关性状的遗传力估计值范围为0.45（匍匐生长习性）至0.81（最终叶片数），总体高于WFS的遗传力（h² = 0.48）。所有与WFS和LTT相关的发育性状都假定受茎尖分生组织中植物激素水平的调控。
