Zhang Xiulong, Li Hao, Hu Xiaoxing, Zheng Pengyao, Hirota Mitsuru, Kamijo Takashi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan.
Eco-Environment Design and Research Institute, China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;10(11):2500. doi: 10.3390/plants10112500.
Pioneer species differing in their inherent ecological characteristics (e.g., N-fixing ability, photosynthetic pathway) can have a large impact on local ecosystems in the early stages of volcanic succession. However, it remains unclear as to how these pioneer species adapt to the extreme environment of volcanically devastated sites in terms of ecophysiological leaf traits. In this study, we compared the leaf traits (including morphological, physiological) of three co-occurring pioneer species, including a C non-N-fixing grass, a C N-fixing tree, and a C non-N-fixing herb from a newly created (18 years after eruption) volcanically devastated site in Miyake-jima, Japan. Our results showed that three pioneer species have different sets of leaf traits that are associated with their ecophysiological growth advantages, respectively. shows the highest light-saturated photosynthetic rate (A). The higher A were partially the result of higher water use efficiency (WUE) and photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE). The PNUE in appears to be high, even for a C grass. rely on its N-fixing ability, has a higher leaf N content (N) that compensates for its photosynthetic machinery (Rubisco), and further ensures its photosynthetic capacity. var. has a higher leaf mass per area (LMA), chlorophyll content (Chl), and maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), demonstrating its higher light capturing ability. These results make it possible to predict certain ecological processes that take place in the early stages of volcanic succession resulting from ecological characteristics and from some key leaf traits of pioneer species. It also provides a theoretical basis for species selection and species combination for volcanic ecological restoration.
具有不同固有生态特征（如固氮能力、光合途径）的先锋物种在火山演替早期会对当地生态系统产生重大影响。然而，就叶片生态生理特征而言，这些先锋物种如何适应火山破坏地区的极端环境仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们比较了日本御岳岛一个新形成（喷发后18年）的火山破坏地区三种共生先锋物种的叶片特征（包括形态和生理特征），这三种物种分别是一种C3非固氮草本植物、一种C3固氮树木和一种C3非固氮草本植物。我们的结果表明，三种先锋物种具有不同的叶片特征组合，分别与其生态生理生长优势相关。[物种名称1]显示出最高的光饱和光合速率（A）。较高的A部分归因于较高的水分利用效率（WUE）和光合氮利用效率（PNUE）。即使对于一种C3草本植物来说，[物种名称1]的PNUE似乎也很高。[物种名称2]依靠其固氮能力，具有较高的叶片氮含量（N），这补偿了其光合机制（Rubisco），并进一步确保了其光合能力。[物种名称3]变种具有较高的单位面积叶质量（LMA）、叶绿素含量（Chl）和PSII最大量子产率（Fv/Fm），表明其具有较高的光捕获能力。这些结果使得预测火山演替早期因先锋物种的生态特征和一些关键叶片特征而发生的某些生态过程成为可能。它还为火山生态恢复的物种选择和物种组合提供了理论依据。
