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智利中部温带地区的菌寄生菌（肉座菌目，子囊菌门）的多样性及其与宿主的关系

Diversity and Host Relationships of the Mycoparasite (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) in Temperate Central Chile.

作者信息

Binimelis-Salazar Josefa, Casanova-Katny Angélica, Arnold Norbert, Lima Celia A, Norambuena Heraldo V, González-Rocha Gerardo, Palfner Götz

机构信息

Laboratorio de Micología y Micorriza, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.

Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Vegetal y Cambio Climático, Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Salud Pública, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Campus Luis Rivas del Canto, Temuco 4780000, Chile.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2021 Oct 30;9(11):2261. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112261.

DOI:10.3390/microorganisms9112261
PMID:34835387
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8624339/
Abstract

We present the first major survey of regional diversity, distribution and host-association of . Whereas the rather scarce worldwide records of this mycoparasitic fungus suggested no specific distribution pattern of most species before, we provide new evidence of endemic and specific host-parasite guilds of in Southern South America, including the description of a new species. The corresponding inventory was performed in temperate central Chile. The regional landscape, a mosaic of exotic timber plantations and remnants of native forests, facilitates a unique combination of endemic and adventitious Boletales hosts. During a two-year survey, 35 strains were isolated and cultured from infected basidiomata of allochthonous , , spp. and spp., as well as from the native , , and . Taxonomic diagnosis included morphology of conidia and conidiophores, sequences of ITS, RPB2 and EF1 molecular markers and characteristics of in vitro cultures. Phylogenetic reconstructions were performed using Bayesian methods. Four species could be identified and characterized, viz.: , , and the newly described species . The most frequent species on introduced Boletales was , followed by and . sp. nov. was found exclusively on native boletacean hosts, separated from its closest relative by micromorphological and molecular attributes. Species descriptions and identification keys are provided. Ecological and biogeographical aspects of endemic and allochthonous symbiotic units consisting of mycoparasite, ectomycorrhizal fungal host and respective mycorrhizal tree are discussed.

摘要

我们首次对[具体对象]的区域多样性、分布及宿主关联进行了全面调查。此前，这种真菌寄生菌在全球范围内的记录相当稀少，表明大多数物种没有特定的分布模式，但我们提供了新的证据，证明在南美洲南部存在该菌的特有宿主 - 寄生虫群落，包括一个新物种的描述。相应的清查工作在智利中部温带地区开展。该地区景观由外来人工林和原生[森林名称]残余组成，形成了特有和偶然的牛肝菌目宿主的独特组合。在为期两年的调查中，从外来的[具体牛肝菌目物种1]、[具体牛肝菌目物种2]、[具体牛肝菌目物种3]和[具体牛肝菌目物种4]以及本地的[具体牛肝菌目物种5]、[具体牛肝菌目物种6]、[具体牛肝菌目物种7]和[具体牛肝菌目物种8]的受感染担子果中分离并培养了35株[该菌名称]菌株。分类诊断包括分生孢子和分生孢子梗的形态、ITS、RPB2和EF1分子标记序列以及体外培养特征。使用贝叶斯方法进行系统发育重建。可以鉴定和表征出四种[该菌名称]物种，即：[物种名称1]、[物种名称2]、[物种名称3]和新描述的[物种名称4]。在引入的牛肝菌目上最常见的物种是[物种名称1]，其次是[物种名称2]和[物种名称3]。新物种[物种名称4]仅在本地牛肝菌科宿主上发现，通过微观形态和分子特征与最亲近的亲缘种[物种名称3]区分开来。提供了物种描述和鉴定检索表。讨论了由真菌寄生菌、外生菌根真菌宿主和相应菌根树组成的特有和外来共生单元的生态和生物地理方面。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/0f9ce48b2a4d/microorganisms-09-02261-g008a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/7b9027731ced/microorganisms-09-02261-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/12d451fb44d5/microorganisms-09-02261-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/2d9826a3505a/microorganisms-09-02261-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/a64c825d2319/microorganisms-09-02261-g004a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/d871cf0708d8/microorganisms-09-02261-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/4c70ec19df4b/microorganisms-09-02261-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/eb98e0ee1bb4/microorganisms-09-02261-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/0f9ce48b2a4d/microorganisms-09-02261-g008a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/7b9027731ced/microorganisms-09-02261-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/12d451fb44d5/microorganisms-09-02261-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/2d9826a3505a/microorganisms-09-02261-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/a64c825d2319/microorganisms-09-02261-g004a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/d871cf0708d8/microorganisms-09-02261-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/4c70ec19df4b/microorganisms-09-02261-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/eb98e0ee1bb4/microorganisms-09-02261-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0f5d/8624339/0f9ce48b2a4d/microorganisms-09-02261-g008a.jpg

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