Department of Dietetics and Speech Therapy, Mora Hospital, SE-792 51 Mora, Sweden.
Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Region Dalarna, SE-791 82 Falun, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 20;13(11):3687. doi: 10.3390/nu13113687.
This is an observational study of interstitial glucose (IG) concentrations, IG variability and dietary intake under free-living conditions in 46 females with obesity but without diabetes. We used continuous glucose monitoring, open-ended food recording and step monitoring during regular dietary intake followed by a low-energy diet (LED). Thirty-nine participants completed both study periods. The mean BMI at baseline was 43.6 ± 6.2 kg/m. Three weeks of LED resulted in a mean weight loss of 5.2% with a significant reduction in diurnal IG concentration but with greater glycemic variability observed during LED. The mean 24 h IG concentration decreased from 5.8 ± 0.5 mmol/L during the regular diet period to 5.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L ( < 0.001) during LED, while the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion increased from 1.5 ± 0.7 to 1.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L ( = 0.031). The positive incremental area under the curve at breakfast was significantly larger for LED compared to regular diet. The daily fiber intake and the glycemic index of breakfast meals were significantly associated with the glycemic variability during regular dietary intake. In conclusion, the 24 h mean IG concentration was lower but with more pronounced glycemic variability during LED compared to a regular diet.
这是一项观察性研究，旨在研究 46 名肥胖但无糖尿病的女性在自由生活条件下的间质葡萄糖（IG）浓度、IG 变异性和饮食摄入情况。我们使用连续血糖监测、开放式食物记录和常规饮食摄入期间的步数监测，随后进行低能量饮食（LED）。39 名参与者完成了两个研究阶段。基线时的平均 BMI 为 43.6 ± 6.2 kg/m²。LED 持续 3 周，体重平均减轻 5.2%，日间 IG 浓度显著降低，但 LED 期间观察到更大的血糖变异性。24 小时 IG 浓度从常规饮食期的 5.8 ± 0.5 mmol/L 降至 LED 期的 5.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L（<0.001），而血糖波动幅度从 1.5 ± 0.7 mmol/L 增加到 1.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L（=0.031）。与常规饮食相比，LED 时早餐的正增量 AUC 明显更大。常规饮食期间，每日纤维摄入量和早餐餐的血糖指数与血糖变异性显著相关。总之，与常规饮食相比，LED 期间 24 小时平均 IG 浓度较低，但血糖变异性更明显。
