Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India.
Clinical Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 18;13(11):4129. doi: 10.3390/nu13114129.
Several studies suggest that the maternal protein content and source can affect the offspring's health. However, the chronic impact of maternal quality and quantity protein restriction, and reversible changes upon rehabilitation, if any, in the offspring, remains elusive. This study examined the effects of maternal low-quality protein (LQP) and low-protein (LP) intake from preconception to post-weaning, followed by rehabilitation from weaning, on body composition, glucose-homeostasis, and metabolic factors in rat offspring. Wistar rats were exposed to normal protein (NP; 20% casein), LQP (20% wheat gluten) or LP (8% casein) isocaloric diets for 7 weeks before pregnancy until lactation. After weaning, the offspring were exposed to five diets: NP, LQP, LQPR (LQP rehabilitated with NP), LP, and LPR (LP rehabilitated with NP) for 16 weeks. Body composition, glucose-homeostasis, lipids, and plasma hormones were investigated. The LQP and LP offspring had lower bodyweight, fat and lean mass, insulin and HOMA-IR than the NP. The LQP offspring had higher cholesterol, T3 and T4, and lower triacylglycerides and glucose, while these were unaltered in LP compared to NP. The majority of the above outcomes were reversed upon rehabilitation. These results suggest that the chronic exposure of rats to maternal LQP and LP diets induced differential adverse effects by influencing body composition and metabolism, which were reversed upon rehabilitation.
几项研究表明，母体蛋白质含量和来源会影响后代的健康。然而，母体质量和数量的蛋白质限制的慢性影响，以及在康复后是否会发生可逆变化，仍然难以捉摸。本研究检查了母体低质量蛋白质（LQP）和低蛋白（LP）摄入从受孕前到断奶后，随后从断奶后进行康复，对大鼠后代的身体成分、葡萄糖稳态和代谢因素的影响。Wistar 大鼠在怀孕前至哺乳期接受正常蛋白质（NP；20%酪蛋白）、LQP（20%小麦面筋）或 LP（8%酪蛋白）等热量饮食 7 周。断奶后，后代暴露于五种饮食：NP、LQP、LQPR（用 NP 康复的 LQP）、LP 和 LPR（用 NP 康复的 LP）16 周。研究了身体成分、葡萄糖稳态、脂质和血浆激素。与 NP 相比，LQP 和 LP 后代的体重、脂肪和瘦肉组织、胰岛素和 HOMA-IR 较低。LQP 后代的胆固醇、T3 和 T4 较高，三酰甘油和葡萄糖较低，而 LP 与 NP 相比没有变化。上述大多数结果在康复后得到逆转。这些结果表明，大鼠慢性暴露于母体 LQP 和 LP 饮食会通过影响身体成分和代谢而产生不同的不良影响，这些影响在康复后得到逆转。
