School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Mar 15;426:127848. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127848. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
Recently, lead halide perovskite solar cells have become a promising next-generation photovoltaics candidate for large-scale application to realize low-cost renewable electricity generation. Although perovskite solar cells have tremendous advantages such as high photovoltaic performance, low cost and facile solution-based fabrication, the issues involving lead could be one of the main obstacles for its commercialization and large-scale applications. Lead has been widely used in photovoltaics industry, yielding its environmental and health issues of vital importance because of the widespread application of photovoltaics. When the solar cell panels especially perovskite solar cells are damaged, lead would possibly leak into the surrounding environment, causing air, soil and groundwater contamination. Therefore, lots of research efforts have been put into evaluating the lead toxicity and potential leakage issues, as well as studying the encapsulation of lead to deal with leakage issue during fire hazard and precipitation in photovoltaics. In this review, we summarize the latest progress on investigating the lead safety issue on photovoltaics, especially lead halide perovskite solar cells, and the corresponding solutions. We also outlook the future development towards solving the lead safety issues from different aspects.
近年来，卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池作为下一代光伏技术的候选者之一，具有很有前景的应用潜力，能够实现低成本可再生发电。尽管钙钛矿太阳能电池具有光电性能高、成本低、易于溶液加工等巨大优势，但其中涉及的铅元素可能是其商业化和大规模应用的主要障碍之一。由于光伏的广泛应用，铅在光伏产业中得到了广泛应用，其带来的环境和健康问题至关重要。当太阳能电池板，尤其是钙钛矿太阳能电池损坏时，铅可能会泄漏到周围环境中，造成空气、土壤和地下水的污染。因此，人们投入了大量的研究努力来评估铅的毒性和潜在的泄漏问题，以及研究封装铅的方法，以应对光伏火灾和降水期间的泄漏问题。在本文中，我们总结了关于光伏，特别是卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池中铅安全问题的最新研究进展及相应的解决方案。我们还从不同方面展望了未来解决铅安全问题的发展方向。
