Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai Universities, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai Universities, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Jan 15;293:118575. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118575. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) have been ubiquitously detected in water bodies and are a cause of great public concern due to their adverse effects. This study investigated the long-term temporal-spatial trends of PFAAs in the water bodies of the entire Taihu Lake, and predicted PFAA concentrations for 2024. A field investigation conducted in 2021 and previous data allowed to derive trends over a broad temporal-spatial scale, which is often not feasible in short-term studies. In the 2009-2021 period, the most quantifiable PFAAs increased, among which perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorohexanoic acid were predominant. As of 2021, the mean total concentration of ten PFAAs (∑PFAA) showed a distinct spatial decreasing trend, moving from north to south within the lake, and similar spatial distribution patterns were also noted in other years. The main PFAA input and most serious contamination were concentrated in the northern region, due to the riverine inputs and clustering of PFAA-related industries. The ∑PFAA concentration in the wet season was greater and presented a more uniform distribution pattern than that in the dry season, possibly due to the combined effects of the degradation of PFAA precursors, water inflow, rainfall, shipping activities, and a shallow water column. From 2009 to 2021 the ∑PFAA concentration of the entire lake showed an increasing trend, but the rate of increase was significantly reduced. In addition, a grey model predicted that the mean ∑PFAA concentration in the entire Taihu Lake will reach 431 ng/L in 2024, and the northern region will be affected by a more serious PFAA pollution in the future because it exhibited a high mean ∑PFAA concentration of 426 ng/L in 2021. These findings provide novel insights into the temporal-spatial distribution of PFAAs in Taihu Lake, and could help regulators to formulate policy decisions in response to PFAA pollution.
全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）在水体中广泛存在，由于其不良影响，是引起公众高度关注的原因。本研究调查了太湖整个水体中 PFAAs 的长期时空趋势，并预测了 2024 年的 PFAA 浓度。2021 年进行的实地调查和以前的数据允许在广泛的时空范围内得出趋势，这在短期研究中通常是不可行的。在 2009-2021 年期间，最可量化的 PFAAs 增加了，其中全氟辛酸和全氟己酸占主导地位。截至 2021 年，十种 PFAAs 的总浓度（∑PFAA）表现出明显的空间递减趋势，从湖的北部向南移动，其他年份也出现了类似的空间分布模式。主要 PFAAs 输入和最严重的污染集中在北部地区，这是由于河流输入和与 PFAAs 相关的工业集聚。雨季的∑PFAA 浓度较高，分布模式比旱季更均匀，这可能是由于 PFAA 前体降解、水流入、降雨、航运活动和浅水层的综合作用。从 2009 年到 2021 年，整个湖泊的∑PFAA 浓度呈上升趋势，但上升速度明显放缓。此外，灰色模型预测，到 2024 年，整个太湖的平均∑PFAA 浓度将达到 431ng/L，未来北部地区将受到更严重的 PFAA 污染的影响，因为 2021 年北部地区的平均∑PFAA 浓度为 426ng/L。这些发现为太湖 PFAAs 的时空分布提供了新的见解，并有助于监管机构制定应对 PFAA 污染的政策决策。
