Department of Neurology, Aster Medcity, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Neurologist. 2021 Nov 26;27(2):74-78. doi: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000363.
Although pneumocephalus is very common after intracranial or spinal surgeries, pneumoventricle is uncommon. Tension pneumoventricle (tPV) occurs when air in the ventricles expands to cause neurological deficits or mass effect. It is usually seen with a combination of a ball-valve defect postoperatively that sucks in air and a ventriculoperitoneal shunt that drains cerebrospinal fluid and allows the ingress of air.
A young man developed delayed tPV after surgery for craniopharyngioma. He required multiple surgeries and occlusion of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt before the tPV resolved.
The probable mechanisms of tPV and the importance of early recognition and treatment are discussed. A review of the literature of this uncommon entity has also been performed.
尽管颅内或脊髓手术后气颅很常见，但气室积气却不常见。当脑室中的空气膨胀导致神经功能缺损或占位效应时，就会发生张力性气室积气（tPV）。tPV 通常与术后球瓣缺陷同时发生，该缺陷会吸入空气，而脑室-腹腔分流会排出脑脊液并允许空气进入。
一名年轻男子在颅咽管瘤手术后出现迟发性 tPV。他需要多次手术和脑室-腹腔分流管闭塞，才能解决 tPV 问题。
讨论了 tPV 的可能机制以及早期识别和治疗的重要性。还对该罕见实体的文献进行了回顾。
