Nuseir Amjad, Zaitoun Maha, Albalas Hasan, Alomari Ahmad, Khasawneh Waseem, Khamees Almu'tasim
Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Curr Pediatr Rev. 2022;18(1):59-63. doi: 10.2174/1573396317666211129092341.
Hearing loss is an important disorder affecting newborns admitted to NICU. A national hearing screening program using otoacoustic emission testing is an essential tool to identify hearing loss early in neonates, enabling early intervention to avoid further challenges of pediatric deafness. On the other hand, a delay of the auditory pathway maturation in preterm babies compared to term newborns has already been suggested in the literature. Taking this information into account, in this paper, we aim to identify the best time to perform NICU infant hearing screening tests.
We aim to study the clinical factors and neonatal morbidities that may affect neonatal hearing screening results using otoacoustic emission test in order to decrease the false-positive test results that increase parental anxiety and increase the need for subsequent investigations.
This is a prospective cross-sectional study that included 204 infants who were admitted to a tertiary referral hospital NICU unit between September 2017 and May 2018. Both transients evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) screening tests were performed in order to screen hearing loss.
Our study included 204 infants, 52.9 % of which were males and 47.1 % females. There were correlations between both hyperbilirubinemia and ventilation ≥ 5 days and the failure rate of the first OAE test results among NICU infants where the P-values were (p=0.0133) and (p=0.0456), respectively. Moreover, 165 babies (80.9 %) passed the first OAE with a mean birth weight of 2759 gram and mean maternal age of 30.6 years, while 39 babies (19.1 %) failed the test with a mean birth weight of 2436 gram and a mean maternal age of 32 years. There was no statistically significant relation between both maternal age and birth weight with failure of the first screening test.
Our study suggests a higher failure rate of the first OAE in NICU infants who had hyperbilirubinemia or ventilation ≥ 5 days. Therefore, our recommendation is to postpone the first phase of hearing screening for those infants until the first scheduled vaccine appointment to achieve high compliance to attendance and decrease distress to the family that can be associated with false-negative results of the test.
听力损失是影响入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）新生儿的一种重要疾病。采用耳声发射测试的全国听力筛查计划是早期识别新生儿听力损失的重要工具，能够进行早期干预以避免小儿耳聋带来的更多挑战。另一方面，文献中已表明与足月儿相比，早产儿的听觉通路成熟存在延迟。考虑到这些信息，在本文中，我们旨在确定进行NICU婴儿听力筛查测试的最佳时间。
我们旨在研究可能影响使用耳声发射测试的新生儿听力筛查结果的临床因素和新生儿疾病，以减少增加家长焦虑并增加后续检查需求的假阳性测试结果。
这是一项前瞻性横断面研究，纳入了2017年9月至2018年5月期间入住一家三级转诊医院NICU病房的204名婴儿。为了筛查听力损失，进行了瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）和畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）筛查测试。
我们的研究包括204名婴儿，其中52.9%为男性，47.1%为女性。在NICU婴儿中，高胆红素血症和通气≥5天与首次耳声发射测试结果的失败率之间均存在相关性，P值分别为（p = 0.0133）和（p = 0.0456）。此外，165名婴儿（80.9%）通过了首次耳声发射测试，平均出生体重为2759克，母亲平均年龄为30.6岁，而39名婴儿（19.1%）测试未通过，平均出生体重为2436克，母亲平均年龄为32岁。母亲年龄和出生体重与首次筛查测试失败之间均无统计学显著关系。
我们的研究表明，患有高胆红素血症或通气≥5天的NICU婴儿首次耳声发射测试的失败率较高。因此，我们的建议是将这些婴儿的首次听力筛查阶段推迟到首次预定疫苗接种时间，以实现高出勤率并减少可能与测试假阴性结果相关的家庭困扰。
