Neonatal Netw. 2021 Nov 1;40(6):362-368. doi: 10.1891/11-T-695.
Seizures are the abnormal, excessive, synchronous discharge of cortical neurons that results in injury to the brain. Seizures presenting in the neonatal period may be the first and only clue to underlying neurological pathology. Despite advances in care, the mortality rate for infants experiencing neonatal seizures is still as high as 20 percent, with up to 65 percent of infants with seizures demonstrating significant morbidity. Early identification and treatment of the seizure or modifiable underlying etiology greatly reduces the extent of morbidity associated with neonatal seizures. Literature, including journal articles and relevant textbooks, was reviewed and condensed into a practical guide to neonatal seizures which includes the pathophysiology of injury associated with neonatal seizures, clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, and various options available for treatment.
癫痫发作是皮质神经元异常、过度、同步放电，导致大脑损伤。新生儿期出现的癫痫发作可能是潜在神经病理学的唯一最初线索。尽管护理水平有所提高，但患有新生儿癫痫发作的婴儿的死亡率仍高达 20%，65%的癫痫发作婴儿存在明显的发病率。早期识别和治疗癫痫发作或可改变的潜在病因可大大降低与新生儿癫痫发作相关的发病率。对文献，包括期刊文章和相关教科书进行了综述，并将其浓缩为新生儿癫痫发作的实用指南，其中包括与新生儿癫痫发作相关的损伤的病理生理学、临床表现、诊断方法以及治疗的各种选择。
