基于线性脂肪族聚氨酯改性聚 3-羟基丁酸酯的热稳定生物聚合物复合材料的制备与性能。

Thermally stable biopolymer composites based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) modified with linear aliphatic polyurethanes - preparation and properties.

机构信息

Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Rzeszów University, The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.

出版信息

Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2021;23(2):91-105.

PMID:34846041

Abstract

PURPOSE

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) is a biopolymer, but storing products from P3HB causes the deterioration of their properties leading to their brittleness. P3HB has also low thermal stability. Its melting point almost equals its degradation temperature. To obtain biodegradable and biocompatible materials characterized by higher thermal stability and better strength parameters than the unfilled P3HB, composites with the addition of polyurethanes were produced.

METHODS

The morphology, thermal, and mechanical property parameters of the biocomposites were examined using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, standard differential scanning calorimetry, and typical strength machines.

RESULTS

Aliphatic polyurethanes, obtained by the reaction of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and polyethylene glycols, were used as modifiers. To check the influence of the glycol molar mass on the properties of the biocomposites, glycols with a molecular weight of 400 and 1000 g/mol were used. New biocomposites based on P3HB were produced with 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt. % content of polyurethane by direct mixing using a twin-screw extruder. The following property parameters of the prepared biocomposites were tested: degradation temperature, glass transition temperature, tensile strength, impact strength, and Brinell hardness.

CONCLUSIONS

Improvement of the processing property parameters of P3HB-biocomposites with the addition of aliphatic polyurethanes was achieved by increasing the degradation temperature in relation to the degradation temperature of the unfilled P3HB by over 30 °C. The performance property parameters have also been improved by reducing the brittleness compared to the P3HB, as evidenced by the increase in impact strength and the decrease in hardness with an increase in the amount of polyurethane obtained by the reaction of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 400 g/mol (PU400) as modifier.

摘要

目的

聚 3-羟基丁酸酯（P3HB）是一种生物聚合物，但储存 P3HB 产品会导致其性能恶化，使其变脆。P3HB 的热稳定性也较低。其熔点几乎与其降解温度相等。为了获得具有比未填充的 P3HB 更高的热稳定性和更好的强度参数的可生物降解和生物相容的材料，制备了添加了聚氨酯的复合材料。

方法

使用扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、标准差示扫描量热法和典型强度机来检查生物复合材料的形态、热和机械性能参数。

结果

使用通过 1,6-己二异氰酸酯和聚乙二醇的反应获得的脂肪族聚氨酯作为改性剂。为了检查二醇摩尔质量对生物复合材料性能的影响，使用分子量为 400 和 1000 g/mol 的二醇。通过在双螺杆挤出机中直接混合，用 5、10、15 和 20wt%的聚氨酯含量制备了基于 P3HB 的新型生物复合材料。测试了所制备的生物复合材料的以下性能参数：降解温度、玻璃化转变温度、拉伸强度、冲击强度和布氏硬度。

结论

通过增加相对于未填充的 P3HB 的降解温度超过 30°C，实现了添加脂肪族聚氨酯的 P3HB-生物复合材料加工性能参数的改善。与 P3HB 相比，通过增加冲击强度和降低硬度，也改善了性能参数，这表明通过反应获得的聚氨酯的量增加，1,6-己二异氰酸酯和分子量为 400 g/mol 的聚乙二醇（PU400）作为改性剂。