Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Int J Biometeorol. 2022 Feb;66(2):331-343. doi: 10.1007/s00484-021-02168-z. Epub 2021 Nov 30.
The ability of poor urban populations in developing countries to adapt to rapid increase in surface temperature and likely health effect of a 1.5 °C increase in global temperature is uncertain. Rapid urbanization and poor socio, economic, and technological development may increase heat vulnerabilities of poor urban populations in tropical cities. This study examines the thermal perception of urban populations in Ibadan, south western Nigeria, and sociodemographic characteristics of individuals that influence thermal perception, self-reported health effects, and coping strategies to heat stress using a purposefully designed questionnaire and interviews with aged individuals in the five local government areas of Ibadan metropolis. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics of respondents such as inequalities in monthly income, occupation, ethnicity, housing characteristics, and length of stay in Ibadan significantly influence thermal perception, self-reported health effects of heat exposure, and coping strategies adopted. Perceived thermal conditions reported were warmer temperatures during the day and night (43.75%), warmer day-time temperatures (40.25%), and warmer night-time temperatures (16%). Dehydration and sweating (56%): heat rash, heat exhaustion, headaches, sleep disturbances and dehydration (15.25%), and sleep disturbance and sweating (12.25%) were major combinations of self-reported health effects. Other effects include fainting, diarrhea, raised blood pressure, and restlessness. Temperature variations (minimum and maximum) examined from 1971 to 2018 shows that warmer conditions are being experienced in Ibadan. Increased heat-health awareness and urban designs that respond to people's thermal perception should be encouraged in developing thermally comfortable environments in Ibadan.
发展中国家城市贫困人口适应全球气温升高 1.5°C 导致地表温度迅速上升及其可能带来的健康影响的能力尚不确定。快速城市化和较差的社会、经济和技术发展可能会增加热带城市贫困城市人口的热量脆弱性。本研究使用专门设计的问卷和对伊巴丹大都市五个地方政府区域的老年人进行访谈，调查了尼日利亚西南部伊巴丹城市人口的热感觉以及影响热感觉、自我报告的健康影响和应对热应激策略的个人社会人口特征。受访者的社会人口特征差异，如收入、职业、种族、住房特征和在伊巴丹居住时间的不平等，会显著影响热感觉、自我报告的热暴露健康影响和采用的应对策略。报告的感知热条件是白天和夜间温度较高（43.75%）、白天温度较高（40.25%）和夜间温度较高（16%）。脱水和出汗（56%）：热疹、热衰竭、头痛、睡眠障碍和脱水（15.25%）以及睡眠障碍和出汗（12.25%）是自我报告的健康影响的主要组合。其他影响包括昏厥、腹泻、血压升高和不安。从 1971 年到 2018 年检查的温度变化（最低和最高）表明，伊巴丹的气候条件正在变暖。应该鼓励提高对热健康的认识，并设计出响应人们热感觉的城市设计，以在伊巴丹营造舒适的热环境。
