Department of Psychology, University of La Verne, 1950 Third Street, Hoover Building, La Verne, CA 91750, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2022 Oct 3;56(10):1002-1013. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab100.
Depression and marital discord are characteristic not only of individuals with chronic low back pain (ICPs) but also of their spouses.
We examined actor-partner interdependence models to evaluate associations among depressed affect and criticism and support of partners at the same time point (concurrent effects) and 3 hr later (lagged effects). Fully dyadic models were used to account for both within-person and cross-spouse associations among depressed affect, criticism, and support for ICPs and spouses. We also examined the direction of the relationships (depressed affect predicting behavior and behavior predicting depressed affect) all while controlling for pain intensity, pain behavior, and the prior dependent variable.
ICPs (n = 105) and their spouses completed electronic diary measures of depressed affect and behavior (criticism and support) five times a day for 2 weeks. Hierarchical linear modeling with person-mean centering was used for data analysis.
Within the same 3 hr epoch, more depressed affect was related to higher criticism and generally less support. Lagged analyses suggested bidirectional relationships between spouse's own depressed affect and spouse's own criticism of ICPs. Spouse depressed affect was also associated with decreased support received from ICPs. Pain behavior and pain intensity were also related to depressed affect, criticism, and support especially concurrently.
Theories and interventions need to address not only ICP depressed affect but also spouse depressed affect, as spouse depressed affect may be a stress generating precursor to criticism and support.
抑郁和婚姻不和不仅是慢性下背痛（ICPs）患者的特征，也是他们配偶的特征。
我们检验了演员-伙伴相互依赖模型，以同时（同期效应）和 3 小时后（滞后效应）评估抑郁情绪和对伴侣的批评和支持之间的关联。充分的对偶模型用于解释 ICP 和配偶的抑郁、批评和支持的个体内和跨配偶之间的关联。我们还考察了关系的方向（抑郁情绪预测行为，行为预测抑郁情绪），同时控制疼痛强度、疼痛行为和先前的因变量。
105 名 ICP 及其配偶在两周内每天五次完成电子日记评估抑郁情绪和行为（批评和支持）。使用个人平均值中心化的层次线性建模进行数据分析。
在同一 3 小时时段内，更多的抑郁情绪与更高的批评和普遍较少的支持有关。滞后分析表明配偶自身抑郁情绪和配偶对 ICP 的批评之间存在双向关系。配偶的抑郁情绪也与 ICP 收到的支持减少有关。疼痛行为和疼痛强度也与抑郁情绪、批评和支持有关，特别是同时存在。
理论和干预措施不仅需要解决 ICP 抑郁情绪，还需要解决配偶的抑郁情绪，因为配偶的抑郁情绪可能是批评和支持的压力产生前体。
