Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Jan;37(1):15-23. doi: 10.1111/jgh.15746. Epub 2021 Dec 12.
Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is defined as the presence of excess fat in the liver in the absence of excess alcohol consumption and metabolic dysfunction. It has also been described as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The incidence of MAFLD has been reported to be 43-60% in diabetics, ~90% in patients with hyperlipidemia, and 91% in morbidly obese patients. Risk factors that have been associated with the development of MAFLD include male gender, increasing age, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. All of these risk factors have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota, that is, gut dysbiosis. MAFLD can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with the presence of inflammation and ballooning, which can deteriorate into cirrhosis, MAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. In this review, we will be focused on the role of the gut microbial metabolome in the development, progression, and potential treatment of MAFLD.
代谢相关性脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）定义为在不存在过量饮酒和代谢功能障碍的情况下肝脏内脂肪过多。它也被描述为代谢综合征的肝脏表现。据报道，糖尿病患者的 MAFLD 发病率为 43-60%，高血脂患者为~90%，病态肥胖患者为 91%。与 MAFLD 发展相关的危险因素包括男性、年龄增长、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病和高血脂。所有这些危险因素都与肠道微生物组的改变有关，即肠道菌群失调。MAFLD 可进展为伴有炎症和气球样变的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎，进而恶化为肝硬化、MAFLD 相关肝细胞癌和肝功能衰竭。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注肠道微生物代谢组在 MAFLD 的发生、发展和潜在治疗中的作用。
