Department of Psychology, Shahid Behashti University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Shahid Behashti University, Tehran, Iran.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2022 Jan;67:102928. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102928. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
The therapeutic communication between psychotherapist and client is highly dependent on their socio-cultural background. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of culture on decision-making style of psychotherapists in three dimensions of decision-making: expedience vs. realism, individualism vs. collectivism, and long-term orientation vs. short-term orientation. The sample of this study consisted of 144 psychotherapists (40 Iranians educated in Iran, 33 Iranians educated in the west, 36 Americans, and 35 Canadians). Each of the participants were presented with three scenario that involved clinical challenging situations. For each area of decision-making a statement was considered and the psychotherapist was requested to rate them based on importance in his/her clinical decision-making. Findings indicated that the groups differed significantly on all dimensions with few exceptions when American and Canadian psychotherapists were compared. The decision-making style of Iranian psychotherapists was more with expediency, collectivism and long-term orientation, while the decision-making style of American and Canadian psychotherapists was more with realism, individualism, and short-term orientation. According to the results of current study, socio-cultural background of psychotherapists, as a frame of reference, significantly influenced their clinical decision-making style.
治疗师和来访者之间的治疗性沟通高度依赖于他们的社会文化背景。本研究旨在从决策的三个维度（权宜之计与现实主义、个人主义与集体主义、长期导向与短期导向）来考察文化对治疗师决策风格的影响。本研究的样本由 144 名治疗师组成（40 名在伊朗接受教育的伊朗人、33 名在西方接受教育的伊朗人、36 名美国人、35 名加拿大人）。每位参与者都要面对三个涉及临床挑战的场景。对于每个决策领域，都会提出一个陈述，并要求治疗师根据其在临床决策中的重要性对其进行评估。研究结果表明，除了美国和加拿大治疗师之间的少数例外情况外，所有群体在所有维度上都存在显著差异。伊朗治疗师的决策风格更倾向于权宜之计、集体主义和长期导向，而美国和加拿大治疗师的决策风格更倾向于现实主义、个人主义和短期导向。根据目前研究的结果，治疗师的社会文化背景作为参考框架，会显著影响他们的临床决策风格。
