Sowers M R, Wallace R B, Hollis B W, Lemke J H
Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 Apr;43(4):621-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/43.4.621.
We surveyed calcidiol levels (25-OH-D) in a geographically-defined population of 373 women, ages 20-80 yr to test for an association between occult osteomalacia and excess bone loss. Bone mass was measured by photon densitometry and an estimate of vitamin D was determined by measuring dietary and supplemental intake as well as sunlight exposure equivalent. The relationship of smoking practices, alcohol use, exogenous estrogen use, and medications to calcidiol level was assessed. Calcidiol levels were not associated with bone mass levels observed at two different forearm sites. Low levels of calcidiol, indicative of generalized vitamin D deficiency, were not observed in this population though mean estimates of vitamin D intakes from food 119 +/- 148 IU) or food and supplements (319 +/- 463 IU) were less than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (400 IU). Calcidiol was significantly associated with estimates of vitamin D intake from food (r = 0.11), supplement use (r = 0.21), and sunlight equivalent exposure (r = 0.26). Calcidiol levels were negatively related to age (p = 0.0020) and positively related to exogenous estrogen use and premenopausal state independent of age.
我们对373名年龄在20至80岁之间、来自特定地理区域的女性进行了骨化二醇水平（25-羟基维生素D）的调查，以检测隐匿性骨软化症与骨质过度流失之间的关联。通过光子密度测定法测量骨量，并通过测量饮食和补充剂摄入量以及等效日照量来确定维生素D的估计值。评估了吸烟习惯、饮酒情况、外源性雌激素使用情况以及药物与骨化二醇水平之间的关系。骨化二醇水平与在两个不同前臂部位观察到的骨量水平无关。尽管从食物中摄入的维生素D平均估计值（119±148国际单位）或从食物和补充剂中摄入的维生素D平均估计值（319±463国际单位）低于推荐膳食摄入量（400国际单位），但在该人群中未观察到表明普遍维生素D缺乏的低骨化二醇水平。骨化二醇与从食物中摄入的维生素D估计值（r = 0.11）、补充剂使用情况（r = 0.21）以及等效日照暴露量（r = 0.26）显著相关。骨化二醇水平与年龄呈负相关（p = 0.0020），与外源性雌激素使用情况以及绝经前状态呈正相关，且不受年龄影响。
