Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India; Department of Biomedical engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Ropar, Punjab, India.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali, India.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Jan;145:112375. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112375. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Breast cancer (BC) is mostly observed in women and is responsible for huge mortality in women subjects globally. Due to the continued development of drug resistance and other contributing factors, the scientific community needs to look for new alternatives, and drug repurposing is one of the best opportunities. Here we light upon the drug repurposing with a major focus on breast cancer. BC is a division of cancer known as the leading cause of death of 2.3 million women globally, with 685,000 fatalities. This number is steadily rising, necessitating the development of a treatment that can extend survival time. All available treatments for BC are very costly as well as show side effects. This unfulfilled requirement of the anti-cancer drugs ignited an enthusiasm for drug repositioning, which means finding out the anti-cancer use of already marketed drugs for other complications. With the advancement in proteomics, genomics, and computational approaches, the drug repurposing process hastens. So many drugs are repurposed for the BC, including alkylating agents, antimetabolite, anthracyclines, an aromatase inhibitor, mTOR, and many more. The drug resistance in breast cancer is rising, so reviewing how the challenges in breast cancer can be combated with drug repurposing. This paper provides the updated information on all the repurposed drugs candidates for breast cancer with the molecular mechanism responsible for their anti-tumor activity. Additionally, all the challenges that occur during the repurposing of the drugs are discussed.
乳腺癌(BC)主要发生在女性中,是导致全球女性死亡的主要原因。由于耐药性的持续发展和其他因素的影响,科学界需要寻找新的替代方案,而药物再利用是最好的机会之一。在这里,我们重点关注乳腺癌的药物再利用。BC 是癌症的一个分支,是全球 230 万女性死亡的主要原因,其中 68.5 万人死亡。这个数字还在稳步上升,这就需要开发一种能够延长生存时间的治疗方法。所有现有的 BC 治疗方法都非常昂贵,并且会产生副作用。这种抗癌药物的未满足需求激发了人们对药物重新定位的热情,这意味着寻找已经上市的药物用于治疗其他并发症的抗癌用途。随着蛋白质组学、基因组学和计算方法的进步,药物再利用的过程加快了。有许多药物被重新用于治疗 BC,包括烷化剂、抗代谢物、蒽环类药物、芳香酶抑制剂、mTOR 等。乳腺癌的耐药性正在上升,因此需要审查如何通过药物再利用来对抗乳腺癌的挑战。本文提供了所有用于乳腺癌的重新定位候选药物的最新信息,包括负责其抗肿瘤活性的分子机制。此外,还讨论了药物再利用过程中出现的所有挑战。
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