Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2022 Jan 24;86(2):273-281. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbab209.
In natural indigo dyeing, the water-insoluble indigo included in the composted indigo leaves called sukumo is converted to water-soluble leuco-indigo through the reduction activities of microorganisms under alkaline conditions. To understand the relationship between indigo reduction and microorganisms in indigo-fermentation suspensions, we isolated and identified the microorganisms that reduce indigo and analyzed the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions. Indigo-reducing microorganisms, which were not isolated by means of a conventional indigo carmine-reduction assay method, were isolated by using indigo as a direct substrate and further identified and characterized. We succeeded in isolating bacteria closely related to Corynebacterium glutamicum, Chryseomicrobium aureum, and Enterococcus sp. for the first time. Anthraquinone was found to be an effective mediator that facilitated the indigo-reduction activity of the isolated strains. On analysis of the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions, the ratio of indigo-reducing bacteria and others was found to be important for maintaining the indigo-reduction activity.
在天然靛蓝染色中，堆肥后的靛蓝叶中的不溶于水的靛蓝通过微生物在碱性条件下的还原活性转化为水溶性隐色靛蓝。为了了解靛蓝还原与靛蓝发酵悬浮液中的微生物之间的关系，我们分离并鉴定了还原靛蓝的微生物，并分析了靛蓝发酵悬浮液中的微生物群落。我们使用靛蓝作为直接底物，通过常规的靛红还原测定方法以外的方法分离出了不被分离的还原靛蓝的微生物，并对其进行了鉴定和特征分析。我们首次成功分离出与谷氨酸棒杆菌、金黄杆菌和肠球菌属密切相关的细菌。蒽醌被发现是一种有效的介体，可促进分离株的靛蓝还原活性。在分析靛蓝发酵悬浮液中的微生物群落时，发现还原菌和其他菌的比例对于维持靛蓝还原活性很重要。
