Little Melissa A, Klesges Robert C, Mallawaarachchi Indika, McMurry Timothy, Pebley Kinsey, McDevitt-Murphy Meghan, Murphy James, Wayne Talcott G
School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Mil Med. 2021 Dec 4. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usab489.
Alcohol misuse poses significant public health concerns in the U.S. Military. An Alcohol Misconduct Prevention Program (AMPP), which includes a brief alcohol intervention (BAI) session, plus random breathalyzer program, has been shown to reduce alcohol-related incidents (ARIs) among Airmen undergoing training.
The current study sought to examine whether a booster BAI administered at the end of Airmen's training reduced ARIs out to a 1-year follow-up.
Participants were 26,231 U.S. Air Force Technical Trainees recruited between March 2016 and July 2018. Participants were cluster randomized by cohort to two conditions: AMPP + BAI Booster or AMPP + Bystander Intervention. The primary analysis was a comparison of the interventions' efficacies in preventing Article 15 ARIs at a 1-year follow-up, conducted using a generalized estimating equations logistic regression model controlling for covariates.
There was no significant difference by condition in Article 15 ARIs at the 1-year follow-up (P = .912).
Findings suggest that a booster may not be necessary to produce maximum effects beyond the initial AMPP intervention. It is also possible that alcohol behaviors changed as a result of the intervention but were not captured by our outcome measures. Future research should consider alternative outcomes or participant-tracking measures to determine whether a different or more intensive BAI booster is effective. The majority of Article 15 ARIs were for underage drinking; therefore, developing an intervention focused on this problem behavior could lead to large reductions in training costs in the military.
在美国军队中，酒精滥用引发了重大的公共卫生问题。一项酒精不当行为预防计划（AMPP），包括一次简短的酒精干预（BAI）课程以及随机呼气酒精含量检测计划，已被证明可减少接受训练的空军人员中与酒精相关的事件（ARI）。
本研究旨在探讨在空军人员训练结束时进行强化BAI是否能在长达1年的随访期内减少ARI。
参与者为2016年3月至2018年7月招募的26231名美国空军技术学员。参与者按队列进行整群随机分组，分为两种情况：AMPP + BAI强化组或AMPP + 旁观者干预组。主要分析是在1年随访期内，使用控制协变量的广义估计方程逻辑回归模型，比较两种干预措施在预防第15条规定的ARI方面的效果。
在1年随访期内，第15条规定的ARI在两种情况下无显著差异（P = 0.912）。
研究结果表明，在初始AMPP干预之外，可能无需强化措施即可产生最大效果。也有可能干预导致了酒精行为的改变，但未被我们的结果测量所捕捉。未来的研究应考虑采用替代结果或参与者跟踪措施，以确定不同或更强化的BAI强化措施是否有效。第15条规定的ARI大多数是关于未成年人饮酒的；因此，针对这种问题行为制定干预措施可能会大幅降低军队的训练成本。
