Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
Pest Manag Sci. 2022 Apr;78(4):1341-1355. doi: 10.1002/ps.6751. Epub 2021 Dec 21.
The control of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) in Spanish field populations mainly relies on the insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad as bait sprays. However, their sustainable used is compromised by the development of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance and the detection of spinosad resistant alleles. In addition, the use of lure-and-kill traps covered with deltamethrin has increased in the last years. It is thus urgent to predict the impact that the combination of both pyrethroids will have in the evolution of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance and how they could be combined with spinosad so as to establish proper resistance management programs.
Toxicity bioassays were performed to analyze the current levels of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in field populations, proving that it has remained stable in the last decade. An evolutionary model was established to explore the weight of selected parameters in the evolution of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in C. capitata and to forecast resistance development under different resistance management scenarios. Our results highlight the importance of fitness cost and inheritance to fit the experimental results. The analyses predicted that the rotation of lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad, when deltamethrin traps are also deployed in the field, will slow down the evolution of resistance, especially when cross-resistance between both pyrethroids is considered.
Lambda-cyhalothrin resistance has not increased in the last decade, probably due to the alternation of this insecticide with spinosad. Our modelling results indicate that the best option to avoid an increase in lambda-cyhalothrin resistant alleles, considering that deltamethrin use is growing, would be to continue combining their use with spinosad. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
在西班牙田间种群中，地中海实蝇 Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) 的控制主要依赖于杀虫剂氯氟氰菊酯和多杀菌素作为诱饵喷雾。然而，由于氯氟氰菊酯抗性的发展和对多杀菌素抗性等位基因的检测，它们的可持续使用受到了影响。此外，近年来，使用覆盖溴氰菊酯的诱捕器的情况有所增加。因此，迫切需要预测两种拟除虫菊酯结合使用对氯氟氰菊酯抗性进化的影响，以及它们如何与多杀菌素结合使用，以制定适当的抗性管理计划。
进行了毒性生物测定，以分析田间种群中氯氟氰菊酯的当前抗性水平，证明其在过去十年中保持稳定。建立了一个进化模型，以探讨选择参数在 C. capitata 中氯氟氰菊酯抗性进化中的权重，并预测在不同抗性管理方案下抗性的发展。我们的研究结果强调了适合度成本和遗传的重要性，以符合实验结果。分析预测，当在田间部署溴氰菊酯诱捕器时，氯氟氰菊酯和多杀菌素的轮换将减缓抗性的进化，特别是当考虑到两种拟除虫菊酯之间的交叉抗性时。
在过去十年中，氯氟氰菊酯的抗性没有增加，这可能是由于这种杀虫剂与多杀菌素交替使用的结果。我们的建模结果表明，考虑到溴氰菊酯的使用量在增加，为避免氯氟氰菊酯抗性等位基因增加的最佳选择是继续将其与多杀菌素联合使用。
