Movement Laboratory, Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa;, Email:
Movement Laboratory, Department of Sport Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
J Dance Med Sci. 2022 Mar 15;26(1):7-14. doi: 10.12678/1089-313X.031522b. Epub 2021 Dec 5.
Ballet dancers are exposed to chronic high training and performance demands that are associated with overtraining syndrome and injury. Balancing high training loads with recovery to reduce the risk of negative training adaptations is critical. Moreover, the recovery-stress states of professional ballet dancers during training phases of a season are largely unknown. Professional dancers (n = 27) from one classical ballet company in South Africa were monitored for two 8-week phases of a ballet season. A recovery-stress questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-76 Sport) was completed weekly during the rehearsal phase (P1) and the performance phase (P2), which took place at the start and the end of the ballet season, respectively. Comparisons were calculated between phases, sexes, and levels of performance with a mixed-model ANOVA and between demographic variables with a one-way ANOVA. The performance phase was signified by lower total recovery (TR, p < 0.01) and higher total stress (TS, p < 0.01) for the group. Female dancers had significantly lower recovery scores than male dancers during P2 (p < 0.01). No differences between levels of performance were found. Subscales previously associated with overreaching and injury were identified in certain groups during P2. In conclusion, P2 was a critical period where dancers, especially females, experienced high stress and low recovery. This could increase the risk for injury and negative training adaptations.
芭蕾舞演员经常面临长期高强度的训练和表演要求，这可能导致过度训练综合征和受伤。平衡高训练负荷和恢复以降低负面训练适应的风险至关重要。此外，职业芭蕾舞演员在赛季训练阶段的恢复-应激状态在很大程度上是未知的。来自南非一家古典芭蕾舞公司的 27 名专业舞者在一个赛季的两个 8 周阶段接受了监测。在排练阶段（P1）和表演阶段（P2）每周完成一次运动员恢复-应激问卷（RESTQ-76 运动），分别在赛季开始和结束时进行。使用混合模型方差分析对各阶段、性别和表演水平进行比较，并使用单向方差分析对人口统计学变量进行比较。与 P1 相比，表演阶段整个恢复（TR）（p < 0.01）和整个应激（TS）（p < 0.01）的得分都较低。在 P2 期间，女性舞者的恢复得分明显低于男性舞者（p < 0.01）。在表演水平之间没有发现差异。在 P2 期间，某些组的特定亚量表与过度训练和受伤有关。总之，P2 是一个关键时期，舞者，尤其是女性，经历了高压力和低恢复。这可能会增加受伤和负面训练适应的风险。
