Parada-Cabaleiro Emilia, Batliner Anton, Baird Alice, Schuller Björn
Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Eichleitnerstr. 30, F2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
GLAM - Group on Language, Audio & Music, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Int J Speech Technol. 2020;23(1):169-182. doi: 10.1007/s10772-020-09675-1. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Most typically developed individuals have the ability to perceive emotions encoded in speech; yet, factors such as age or environmental conditions can restrict this inherent skill. Noise pollution and multimedia over-stimulation are common components of contemporary society, and have shown to particularly impair a child's interpersonal skills. Assessing the influence of such features on the perception of emotion over different developmental stages will advance child-related research. The presented work evaluates how background noise and emotionally connoted visual stimuli affect a child's perception of emotional speech. A total of 109 subjects from Spain and Germany (4-14 years) evaluated 20 multi-modal instances of nonsense emotional speech, under several environmental and visual conditions. A control group of 17 Spanish adults performed the same perception test. Results suggest that visual stimulation, gender, and the two sub-cultures with different language background do not influence a child's perception; yet, background noise does compromise their ability to correctly identify emotion in speech-a phenomenon that seems to decrease with age.
大多数发育正常的个体都有能力感知言语中所蕴含的情感;然而,年龄或环境条件等因素会限制这种内在技能。噪音污染和多媒体过度刺激是当代社会的常见因素,并且已证明它们尤其会损害儿童的人际交往能力。评估这些因素在不同发育阶段对情感感知的影响将推动与儿童相关的研究。本文所展示的研究工作评估了背景噪音和带有情感内涵的视觉刺激如何影响儿童对情感言语的感知。来自西班牙和德国的109名受试者(4至14岁)在多种环境和视觉条件下对20个多模态无意义情感言语实例进行了评估。一个由17名西班牙成年人组成的对照组进行了相同的感知测试。结果表明,视觉刺激、性别以及具有不同语言背景的两种亚文化并不会影响儿童的感知;然而,背景噪音确实会损害他们正确识别言语中情感的能力——这种现象似乎会随着年龄的增长而减少。