Callahan Brandy L, Shammi Prathiba, Taylor Rebecca, Ramakrishnan Nayani, Black Sandra E
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Nov 15;13:726374. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.726374. eCollection 2021.
The neuropsychological features of older adults with ADHD are largely unknown. This retrospective chart review aims to elucidate their cognitive trajectories using a case series of six older adults with ADHD presenting with memory complaints to a cognitive neurology clinic, whom we argue are a particularly relevant group to study due to their potential to mimic neurodegenerative syndromes. Participants were included if they were age 40 or older at intake, had ADHD based on DSM-5 criteria, and had cognitive data collected prior to 2014 with follow-up at least 5 years later. Five men and one woman were included ( = 53.8 years at intake) and had an average of 135.0 months of follow-up data available. Despite notable between- and within-subject variability, cognition generally improved or remained stable across visits. Two participants experienced notable memory decline, but a global consideration of their performance in other domains suggests these deficits may be frontally-mediated. In this small sample, cognition remained generally unchanged across 5-21 years. Isolated impairments likely reflect substantial intra-individual variability across time and measures.
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的老年人的神经心理学特征在很大程度上尚不明确。这项回顾性病历审查旨在通过一个由六名患有ADHD的老年人组成的病例系列来阐明他们的认知轨迹，这些老年人因向认知神经科诊所主诉记忆问题而前来就诊，我们认为他们是一个特别值得研究的群体，因为他们有可能模拟神经退行性综合征。如果参与者在就诊时年龄在40岁及以上，根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）标准患有ADHD，并且在2014年之前收集了认知数据且至少在5年后进行了随访，则将其纳入研究。纳入了五名男性和一名女性（就诊时平均年龄为53.8岁），平均有135.0个月的随访数据。尽管个体间和个体内存在显著差异，但认知在各次就诊中总体上有所改善或保持稳定。两名参与者经历了明显的记忆衰退，但从他们在其他领域的表现进行整体考虑表明，这些缺陷可能是由额叶介导的。在这个小样本中，认知在5至21年期间总体保持不变。孤立的损伤可能反映了个体在不同时间和测量方法上的巨大差异。
