Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Centre de Recherche Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Front Immunol. 2021 Nov 18;12:759679. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759679. eCollection 2021.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 1-2% of the population aged 65 and over. Additionally, non-motor symptoms such as pain and gastrointestinal dysregulation are also common in PD. These impairments might stem from a dysregulation within the gut-brain axis that alters immunity and the inflammatory state and subsequently drives neurodegeneration. There is increasing evidence linking gut dysbiosis to the severity of PD's motor symptoms as well as to somatosensory hypersensitivities. Altogether, these interdependent features highlight the urgency of reviewing the links between the onset of PD's non-motor symptoms and gut immunity and whether such interplays drive the progression of PD. This review will shed light on maladaptive neuro-immune crosstalk in the context of gut dysbiosis and will posit that such deleterious interplays lead to PD-induced pain hypersensitivity.
帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病，影响 65 岁及以上人群的 1%-2%。此外，疼痛和胃肠道失调等非运动症状在 PD 中也很常见。这些损伤可能源于肠道-大脑轴的失调，改变了免疫和炎症状态，随后导致神经退行性变。越来越多的证据将肠道菌群失调与 PD 运动症状的严重程度以及躯体感觉过敏联系起来。总的来说，这些相互依存的特征凸显了审查 PD 非运动症状与肠道免疫之间的联系以及这种相互作用是否推动 PD 进展的紧迫性。这篇综述将阐明肠道菌群失调背景下适应性神经免疫串扰，并提出这种有害的相互作用导致 PD 引起的痛觉过敏。
