Hecht Heiko, Wilhelm Ariane, von Castell Christoph
Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Iperception. 2021 Oct 20;12(5):20416695211046975. doi: 10.1177/20416695211046975. eCollection 2021 Sep-Oct.
In the early 19th century, William H. Wollaston impressed the Royal Society of London with engravings of portraits. He manipulated facial features, such as the nose, and thereby dramatically changed the perceived gaze direction, although the eye region with iris and eye socket had remained unaltered. This Wollaston illusion can be thought of as head orientation attracting perceived gaze direction when the eye region is unchanged. In naturalistic viewing, the eye region changes with head orientation and typically produces a repulsion effect. Here we explore if there is a flip side to the illusion. Does the gaze direction also alter the perceived direction of the head? We used copies of the original drawings and a computer-rendered avatar as stimuli. Gaze direction does indeed alter perceived head orientation. Perceived head orientation is biased toward the direction of gaze.
19世纪初，威廉·H·沃拉斯顿（William H. Wollaston）用肖像画版画给伦敦皇家学会留下了深刻印象。他对诸如鼻子等面部特征进行了处理，从而显著改变了人们所感知到的注视方向，尽管带有虹膜和眼窝的眼部区域保持不变。这种沃拉斯顿错觉可以被认为是在眼部区域不变时，头部朝向吸引了所感知到的注视方向。在自然观看中，眼部区域会随着头部朝向而变化，通常会产生排斥效应。在这里，我们探讨这种错觉是否存在另一面。注视方向是否也会改变所感知到的头部方向？我们使用原始图纸的副本和计算机渲染的虚拟形象作为刺激物。注视方向确实会改变所感知到的头部朝向。所感知到的头部朝向偏向注视方向。
