Liu Kai-Xiong, Liu Hai-Xia, Zhang Jing, Zhang Nan, Zhou Yun-Zhi, Tao Mei-Mei, Wang Hong-Wu, Qu Jie-Ming
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Front Oncol. 2021 Nov 19;11:758917. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758917. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed to characterize the bacterial microbiota in the oral cavity (OC), throat, trachea, and distal alveoli of patients with primary malignant tracheal tumors (PMTT), including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and salivary gland carcinoma patients (SGC), for comparison with a matched non-malignant tracheal tumor (NMTT) group.
Patients with pathological diagnosis of PMTT and NMTT were included in this study. Saliva, throat swab (TS), trachea protected specimen brush (PSB), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The composition, diversity, and distribution of the microbiota were compared among biogeographic sampling sites and patient groups. The relationship between the genera-level taxon abundance and tracheal tumor types was also investigated to screen for candidate biomarkers.
The most represented phyla in the four sites were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In SCC patients, the relative abundance of and gradually decreased with increasing depth into the respiratory tract, while the relative abundance of gradually increased. Bacterial communities at the four biogeographic sites formed two distinct clusters, with OC and TS samples comprising one cluster and PSB and BALF samples comprising the other group. Principal coordinate analysis showed that trachea microbiota in SCC patients were distinct from that of SGC or NMTT patients. In the trachea, AUCs generated by and showed that the abundance of these genera could distinguish SCC patients from both NMTT and SGC patients.
The structure of respiratory tract microbiota in PMTT patients is related to tumor type. Certain bacteria could potentially serve as markers of SCC, although verification with large-sample studies is necessary.
本研究旨在对原发性恶性气管肿瘤（PMTT）患者的口腔（OC）、咽喉、气管和远端肺泡中的细菌微生物群进行特征分析，这些患者包括鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和唾液腺癌患者（SGC），并与匹配的非恶性气管肿瘤（NMTT）组进行比较。
本研究纳入了经病理诊断为PMTT和NMTT的患者。收集唾液、咽喉拭子（TS）、气管保护性标本刷（PSB）和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）样本进行16S rRNA基因测序。比较生物地理采样部位和患者组之间微生物群的组成、多样性和分布。还研究了属水平分类单元丰度与气管肿瘤类型之间的关系，以筛选候选生物标志物。
四个部位中最主要的菌门是拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和梭杆菌门。在SCC患者中，随着呼吸道深度增加，[具体菌属1]和[具体菌属2]的相对丰度逐渐降低，而[具体菌属3]的相对丰度逐渐增加。四个生物地理部位的细菌群落形成了两个不同的簇，OC和TS样本为一个簇，PSB和BALF样本为另一组。主坐标分析表明，SCC患者的气管微生物群与SGC或NMTT患者的不同。在气管中，由[具体菌属4]和[具体菌属5]产生的曲线下面积（AUC）表明，这些菌属的丰度可以区分SCC患者与NMTT和SGC患者。
PMTT患者呼吸道微生物群的结构与肿瘤类型有关。某些细菌可能作为SCC的标志物，不过有必要通过大样本研究进行验证。
