Shores Andy, Lee Alison M, Kornberg S T, Tollefson Chris, Seitz Marc A, Wills R W, Beasley Michaela J
Department of Clinical Sciences, Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 16;8:725867. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.725867. eCollection 2021.
The methods and use of intraoperative ultrasound in 33 canine and five feline patients and its ability to localize and identify anatomical structures and pathological lesions in canines and felines undergoing intracranial surgery are described from a case series. All were client-owned referral patients admitted for neurologic evaluation, with an advanced imaging diagnosis of an intracranial lesion, and underwent surgical biopsy or surgical removal of the lesion. Medical records, retrieval and review of imaging reports, and characterization of findings for all canine and feline patients show that intraoperative ultrasound guidance was used in intracranial procedures during the period of 2012 and 2019. Twenty-nine of the canine patients had intracranial tumors. The remainder had various other conditions requiring intracranial intervention. Three of the feline patients had meningiomas, one had a depressed skull fracture, and one had an epidural hematoma. The tumors appeared hyperechoic on intraoperative ultrasound with the exception of cystic portions of the masses and correlated with the size and location seen on advanced imaging. Statistical comparison of the size of images seen on ultrasound and on MRI for 20 of the canine tumors revealed no statistical differences. Neuroanatomical structures, including vascular components, were easily identified, and tumor images correlated well with preoperative advanced imaging. The authors conclude that intraoperative ultrasound is a valuable asset in intracranial mass removals and can augment surgical guidance in a variety of intracranial disorders that require surgery. This is the first known publication in veterinary surgery of using intraoperative ultrasound as a tool in the operating theater to identify, localize, and monitor the removal/biopsy of intracranial lesions in small animals undergoing craniotomy/craniectomy.
本文通过一个病例系列，描述了术中超声在33例犬类和5例猫科动物患者中的应用方法及用途，以及其在颅内手术的犬类和猫科动物中定位和识别解剖结构及病理病变的能力。所有病例均为客户转诊患者，因神经学评估入院，经先进影像学诊断为颅内病变，并接受了手术活检或病变切除手术。对所有犬类和猫科动物患者的病历、影像学报告的检索和回顾以及检查结果的特征分析表明，2012年至2019年期间在颅内手术中使用了术中超声引导。29例犬类患者患有颅内肿瘤。其余患者患有其他各种需要颅内干预的疾病。3例猫科动物患者患有脑膜瘤，1例患有颅骨凹陷性骨折，1例患有硬膜外血肿。除肿块的囊性部分外，肿瘤在术中超声上表现为高回声，且与先进影像学检查所见的大小和位置相关。对20例犬类肿瘤的超声图像和MRI图像大小进行统计学比较，结果显示无统计学差异。包括血管成分在内的神经解剖结构易于识别，肿瘤图像与术前先进影像学检查结果相关性良好。作者得出结论，术中超声在颅内肿块切除中是一项有价值的资产，可增强对各种需要手术的颅内疾病的手术指导。这是兽医外科领域首次已知的关于在手术室中使用术中超声作为工具来识别、定位和监测接受开颅术/颅骨切除术的小动物颅内病变的切除/活检的出版物。
