厄瓜多尔患者的新冠后状况：一项观察性研究。
Post-COVID-19 conditions in Ecuadorian patients: an observational study.
作者信息
González-Andrade Fabricio
机构信息
Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Iquique N14-121 y Sodiro-Itchimbía, 170403, Quito, Ecuador.
出版信息
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Jan;5:100088. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100088. Epub 2021 Oct 31.
BACKGROUND
Post-COVID-19 disease is not yet clearly described, presenting significant clinical variability across populations and patients. This paper compares post-COVID symptoms in three patient groups with mild, moderate, and severe infections in Ecuadorian outpatients.
METHODS
An epidemiological, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was performed, and carried out in Quito, Ecuador. 1,366 non-hospitalized participants between 12 to 85 years, diagnosed with COVID-19 infection by molecular RT-PCR were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, including age groups, sex, ethnic group, work type, residence type, comorbidities, diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment were studied.
FINDINGS
1,366 outpatient Ecuadorian patients were analysed with SARS-CoV2 infection confirmed with a PCR+ test. The mean age was 39 (± 10) years, distributed by age groups ranging between 12 and 85 years; 81.41% were between 18 and 54 years. 50.29% were men, and 49.71% were women.
INTERPRETATION
64.3% of patients had symptoms between 4 to 6 weeks after infection, 21.1% showed ongoing symptoms between 6 to 12 weeks, and 14.6% had symptoms for more than 12 weeks. The most common symptom was fatigue in 67.3% of patients, followed by headache in 45.2%, body pain in 42.3%, and sleep disorders (insomnia, sleep apnoea, restless leg syndrome) in 36.5%. 69.3% of patients showed mild infection, 21.7% moderate, and 9.0% severe infection. On average, patients' daily life activities showed a 6.8% mean degree of impact following infection. A sedentary lifestyle (walking less than 30 minutes a day) was the most critical risk factor (40.3%), followed by being a health worker (11.87%). Patients aged ≥55 years with HTN, CKD, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle were 4.39, 1.92, 9.19, 4.07, and 2.42 times more likely to have a severe infection level. At least 30% of patients do not feel recovered from COVID-19 infection.
FUNDING
The author declares that the financial resources for the preparation of this research come from their self-management.
背景
新冠后疾病尚未得到清晰描述，在不同人群和患者中呈现出显著的临床变异性。本文比较了厄瓜多尔门诊患者中轻度、中度和重度感染的三组患者的新冠后症状。
方法
进行了一项流行病学、观察性、描述性和横断面研究，在厄瓜多尔基多开展。研究纳入了1366名年龄在12至85岁之间、通过分子逆转录聚合酶链反应诊断为新冠病毒感染的非住院参与者。研究了人口统计学特征，包括年龄组、性别、种族、工作类型、居住类型、合并症、诊断、症状和治疗情况。
研究结果
对1366名经聚合酶链反应检测确诊感染新冠病毒的厄瓜多尔门诊患者进行了分析。平均年龄为39（±10）岁，年龄组分布在12至85岁之间；81.41%的患者年龄在18至54岁之间。男性占50.29%，女性占49.71%。
解读
64.3%的患者在感染后4至6周出现症状，21.1%的患者在6至12周出现持续症状，14.6%的患者症状持续超过12周。最常见的症状是疲劳，67.3%的患者出现该症状，其次是头痛，占45.2%，身体疼痛占42.3%，睡眠障碍（失眠、睡眠呼吸暂停、不宁腿综合征）占36.5%。69.3%的患者为轻度感染，21.7%为中度感染，9.0%为重度感染。平均而言，患者的日常生活活动在感染后受到的影响平均程度为6.8%。久坐不动的生活方式（每天步行少于30分钟）是最关键的风险因素（40.3%），其次是医护人员（11.87%）。年龄≥55岁且患有高血压、慢性肾脏病、吸烟以及久坐不动生活方式的患者发生重度感染的可能性分别是常人的4.39倍、1.92倍、9.19倍、4.07倍和2.42倍。至少30%的患者感觉新冠病毒感染后未康复。
资金来源
作者声明本研究的资金来源于自我管理。
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